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Mesothelioma radiation therapy

Radiation is one of the standard treatments used for mesothelioma patients today. This type of therapy is not itself a curative treatment for mesothelioma. However, when used in conjunction with chemotherapy and/or surgery, radiation can help to lessen some of the uncomfortable symptoms associated with mesothelioma.

What is Radiation Therapy?

Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays or particles to damage or kill cancer cells in a defined part of the body. It is generally not effective in destroying cancer cells that have already spread to other areas. Since radiologists must protect a patient’s vital tissues and organs while administering doses of radiation strong enough to kill the target mesothelioma cells, radiation treatment has traditionally been a challenge. But newer, advanced techniques are allowing doctors to deliver radiation more precisely to the affected area while keeping healthy tissue safe. 

Types of Radiation Treatments:

External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

EBRT is a painless procedure that involves delivering radiation to a patient from a machine outside of the body—similar to getting an x-ray, only more intense. This is the most common form of radiation treatment for mesothelioma. External beam radiation sessions last just a few minutes and are typically given 5 days a week over a period of 5 to 6 weeks. In some cases, ERBT may be accompanied by a “boost,” or additional concentrated radiation treatment administered directly to a small cancerous area.

Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)

Typically used after the lung and pleura have been removed through surgery, IMRT uses a special machine that moves slowly around the mesothelioma patient as it delivers radiation. This sophisticated technique allows high doses of radiation to be administered to the entire chest cavity with great accuracy. The intensity of the beams can be adjusted to help minimize the impact of radiation on normal, healthy body tissue and organs. It is thought that IMRT treatments may be less toxic to the patient and improve health outcomes when compared with external beam radiotherapy.

Brachytherapy

The term “brachy” comes from the Greek word meaning “short range.” Unlike external beam radiation therapy which delivers radiation at long range, brachytherapy delivers radiation at very close range. With this form of radiation treatment for mesothelioma, the radiologist places a customized radioactive implant directly into the chest or the abdomen at the site of the tumor. This is done by weaving tiny radioactive “seeds” into a flexible mesh material. These seed implants deliver highly targeted radiation to the cancerous area over a period of 12 weeks. Brachytherapy, also referred to as Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT) is considered to be more convenient than traditional radiation treatments and has the added advantage of reducing the exposure of health body tissue to radiation.

Palliative Radiation Treatment

Radiation treatment for mesothelioma is often used with the goal of easing (palliating) uncomfortable physical symptoms caused by the cancer. Radiation therapy has been found to bring relief to patients who are experiencing shortness of breath, pain at the cancer site, bleeding, and difficulty swallowing. 

Possible Side Effects and Complications of Radiation Treatment

Side effects of radiation treatment for mesothelioma may range from mild to severe, and tend to disappear once treatment has ended. Using radiation therapy in combination with chemotherapy may worsen the side effects of chemotherapy. Some common side effects of radiation include:

  • fatigue
  • changes to the skin that resemble sunburn
  • damage to lungs that leads to breathing problems
  • nausea, vomiting and diarrhea

Complications of radiation treatment are rare, but include pneumonitis (inflammation of the lungs), pericarditis (inflammation of the sack surrounding the heart) and cardiac tamponade (compression of the heart). In most cases, there are ways to eliminate or minimize these symptoms.

Recipe Submission

Share your recipe with us!

Eating a healthy diet containing all the essential nutrients can be challenging and time-consuming. For people battling with mesothelioma and other types of cancer, eating a well-balanced diet becomes even more crucial. Proper nutrition helps to boost the immune system, maintain energy levels and fight the free radicals that can cause cancer.  In addition, diet and nutrition can play an important role in reducing the toxic side effects of some mesothelioma treatments.

If you have a nutritious recipe that others may enjoy and benefit from, please email to .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address) and we’ll share with the community. It could even be published in our new cookbook filled with recipes to help those who are battling mesothelioma or other asbestos-related diseases and cancers. Please share your favorite healthy recipes today!

Meso Awareness Day

Mesothelioma Advocacy and Awareness

Anyone whose life has been impacted by mesothelioma knows the importance of having effective options for treatment.  Unfortunately, current medical research is limited, and a cure is still elusive. To stimulate studies that will support the development of advanced treatments and therapies for mesothelioma, more funding is desperately needed. 

The good news is that you can help out in the fight for a mesothelioma cure. Below are ideas you can use to spread the word about this terrible disease and obtain much-needed financial support for research efforts. 

Support Meso Awareness Day on September 26th of each year!

National Meso Awareness Day is an entire day dedicated to supporting mesothelioma victims, their families, and the work that's being done to understand and fight this devastating illness.

Here are examples of what mesothelioma advocates have done to recognize Meso Awareness Day in past years:

  • Sponsoring fundraisers such as Bowl-A-Thons, Quarter Nights or 5K races
  • Working with their local government representatives to have September 26th officially declared as Meso Awareness Day in their city and state
  • Participating in the “Let’s Rock” radio campaign sponsored by the Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation (MARF)—this involves contacting radio stations all over the country and asking them to play Warren Zevon’s music followed by a 20-second spot about mesothelioma. Warren Zevon, the famous singer and songwriter, died of mesothelioma in 2003.

Your help is needed to get the word out!

Be a Mesothelioma Advocate in Everyday Life

You don’t have to wait until September 26th to promote knowledge of asbestos-related diseases.  Here are other ways you can be a mesothelioma advocate every day of the year:

Raise awareness:

  • in your community by educating others and raising funds for the cause;
  • at school or work by educating your peers and encouraging them to become involved;
  • in the media by news releases, letters to the editor, offering an interview, and public service announcements; and
  • in the government by making your voice heard to elected officials.

Take action:

  • Send emails to key government leaders and decision-makers for a fast, easy way to get your voice heard.
  • Write letters to key government leaders to show your commitment to the cause.
  • Make phone calls to your Members of Congress and their Health Legislative Assistants.
  • Schedule a visit with local government leaders to educate them about mesothelioma and the importance of asbestos-related legislation.

Other ways to get involved:

  • Be knowledgeable – learn as much as you can about mesothelioma and asbestos.
  • Tell your story – increase awareness by telling your personal story (in your community, in the media, on the Internet, etc.)
  • Volunteer – dedicate some of your time to fundraising efforts locally or nationally.
  • Form a local support network with other victims, families, and providers touched by mesothelioma and other asbestos-related issues.
  • Develop connections with anyone who can assist in fighting for this cause, such as legislators, union representatives, veteran groups, celebrities, and other community leaders.

You can also contact agencies such as the Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization to learn about other opportunities for taking action in the fight to ban asbestos and the battle against mesothelioma.

 

Holiday guide for caregivers

The holiday season is a time when family and friends gather to observe long-held traditions (not to mention indulge in a smorgasbord of tempting foods). But when your world is turned upside down by mesothelioma or asbestos cancer, the holidays may not hold their usual charm.

As a caregiver for someone with mesothelioma, you may find yourself struggling just to keep up with the daily demands of your loved one's illness–expenses, transportation, physical care and household chores. Then along comes the annual onslaught of music, media messages and social activity to tell you how happy you should be at this time of year.

If the stress and pressure of the holiday season fill you with more dread than excitement, you're not alone. In fact, the notion that everyone is happy during the holidays is simply not true. But while the holidays are hard to ignore, simple coping strategies can help you manage holiday stress and enjoy the season with your loved one. If you and your family are dealing with mesothelioma here are some suggestions that might help.

With Mesothelioma, Communication is Key

The holidays are filled with emotion, and not all those emotions are pleasant. Sharing your feelings can help you avoid misunderstandings and reduce stress. By starting the conversation with the person you love who has mesothelioma, you open the door for them to share their feelings, too. You'll all feel less isolated and more connected as a result. Dealing with asbestos cancer or mesothelioma during the holiday season does not necessarily have to be an insurmountable task.

Understand, too, that mesothelioma is like the elephant in the living room. Others may be waiting for a cue from you or your loved one to let them know whether or not they should talk about it. You can ease the pressure by expressing your wishes and encouraging your loved one to express his.

Revisit Plans and Expectations

Unmet expectations are a common cause of holiday stress and sadness. If someone you care for has been afflicted with mesothelioma then the idyllic holiday of your childhood memories has little to do with today's reality. Perhaps in years past you shopped until you dropped or hosted the most festive party of the season, but things are different now. If your loved one is living with mesothelioma make up your mind to scale back—the world won't end if you don't find time to bake everyone's favorite holiday cookies.

Rather than assuming what your loved one with mesothelioma wants, find out what's really important to her this holiday season, and share what's important to you. Then, plan your holiday accordingly. Make deliberate decisions about how you want to spend your time, if and when you want to entertain, and which social invitations you will (and won't) accept. Instead of trying to do it all, devote your time and energy to the things that really matter.

To Take Care of Someone with Mesothelioma, You Need to Take Care of Yourself

Caring for a person with mesothelioma is a demanding job, and to do it well, you must first take care of yourself. During the holidays, it's more important than ever to fulfill your own need for rest and relaxation. Your holidays will be happier, and you'll be able to provide better care for the person in your life with mesothelioma, too. Here are some guidelines to keep in mind:

  • Involve your family. If a loved one has mesothelioma ask for help with preparing food, shopping, gift wrapping and housekeeping chores.
  • Take a break. Get out of the house (and into the sun, if possible). Spend time with a friend, go to a movie or sporting event, or just read a good book. Don’t spend every minute concentrating on your loved one with mesothelioma.
  • Set limits. When it comes to indulging in holiday spending, rich foods or alcohol, make moderation your goal. Avoid a holiday hangover by setting limits and sticking to them.
  • Maintain healthy habits. Keep up with the demands on your time and energy by maintaining the healthy routines that have brought you this far: a balanced diet, physical activity and plenty of rest.
  • Stay in the present. Try not to compare this year to holidays past or worry about how much time you have left with your loved one—or what next year will bring. Focus instead on making the most of this day. Reflect on the true meaning of the holidays, and savor each precious moment with those you love.

Remember, genuine holiday happiness is all about love, peace, gratitude and sharing. Mesothelioma doesn’t preclude your family from any of that. The smartest strategy for easing the stress of the season? Simply open your heart for the best holiday of all.

Holiday guide for patients

The holiday season is meant to be a time filled with joy and celebration. But when you're battling mesothelioma, this can be a particularly challenging time of year. While family and friends exude holiday cheer, you may be experiencing a mix of emotions that make you feel out of sync with the rest of the world. Feelings of happiness and excitement may be clouded by sadness, uncertainty and even anger. When you have mesothelioma or asbestos cancer the hustle and bustle of the season can leave you overwhelmed and physically exhausted.

If you're finding it hard to get into the holiday spirit this year, know that you're not alone. Many people—even those who aren't affected by serious illness like mesothelioma—suffer from heightened stress, anxiety and depression during the holidays. However, there are things you can do to help make the holidays more manageable and enjoyable, even with mesothelioma:

Simplify your shopping. While you still may wish to buy gifts for your loved ones, you may not have the stamina to brave crowded malls and long lines. If you have mesothelioma you should consider shopping online. You’ll be able to do this from home (or even a hospital bed, if your facility offers wireless Internet service). Many Internet retailers will even gift wrap and include personalized greeting cards with your gifts for a small fee. Some mesothelioma patients may also decide to purchase gift cards. These are widely available from most popular stores and restaurants, in a variety of denominations.

Ask for decorating help. Still want a festively decorated home for the holidays, but you're not up to the task? Ask friends, neighbors or family members for help decorating your tree and putting up lights and other adornments. This will allow you to enjoy a long-held tradition while getting the rest you need to battle mesothelioma.

Mesothelioma patients must learn how to say "no." You may feel obligated to attend every function or gathering you’re invited to, but it’s important to set limits on your socializing. If you have mesothelioma, entertaining guests and traveling can be both physically and emotionally draining. Use discretion when scheduling visits to and from friends and family. And if you need to leave a gathering early (or skip it entirely), make no apologies and resist feelings of guilt. People will understand if you’re unable to participate in all activities.

Have your holiday meal catered. If you or your spouse is traditionally the one to do all of the holiday cooking, consider other options for your family feast. Many supermarkets today will prepare a scrumptious holiday meal with all the fixings for a reasonable price. Other ideas for hassle-free holiday meals: make it a "potluck" affair, meaning that everybody brings a dish instead of one person having to do all the work. Some mesothelioma patients invite everybody to meet up at a favorite local restaurant.

When you have mesothelioma, make rest a priority. It's important for mesothelioma patients— especially those going through treatment— to rest frequently. This is especially true during the holidays. Learn to recognize when your body needs rest, and take the time to lie down or nap—even if it's just for 20 minutes. Meeting your body’s needs for rest can help you keep your energy levels up—and stress levels down.

Stick to a holiday budget. With the holidays becoming increasingly focused on gift-giving, it's easy to overspend. However, buying lavish or excessive gifts for others will not ease the negative emotions you may be experiencing during the holidays. If you have mesothelioma it is important to try to mitigate as much stress as possible. Avoid added financial stress by deciding how much you can afford to spend, creating a realistic budget and sticking to it.

Be true to your feelings. During the holiday season, there can be extra pressure from those around you to be cheerful and festive. While it's important to maintain a positive outlook, don't put on a happy face for the sake of appearances. Allow yourself to experience what you’re feeling, and know that these emotions are normal and ok for someone afflicted with mesothelioma. If the negative thoughts become too much to bear, call someone you trust, such as a counselor, clergy member or close friend for a listening ear.

Finally, if you have mesothelioma, avoid the temptation to compare this holiday season to years past, when you might have been more able to partake in activities. Instead, focus on the things you are grateful for, and allow yourself to experience what the holidays truly mean amidst the glitz and the gift-giving: enjoying the company of those you love to the fullest.

 

Benefits of online support

Online support groups provide an alternative mode of support by connecting a diverse network of people dealing with similar issues. Online communication provides various options for support, including e-mail lists, bulletin boards, real-time chat and blogs (online journals). Members can receive a great deal of information and support without some of the barriers of traditional face-to-face support groups. Some people may be unable to attend traditional support groups due to physical restraints (geographic distance, being homebound or lack of transportation), scheduling issues (due to work or care giving responsibilities), lack of convenience and flexibility, and/or stigma (fear of being seen attending a meeting). Online communication also allows people to disclose sensitive information about themselves in a relatively risk-free environment. Below are some of the strengths and limitations of online groups.

Strengths of Online Support Groups

  • Increased access to support (provide support to those that are unable to attend traditional support groups or need additional support between group meetings)
  • Adjunct to counseling (provide additional support between counseling sessions)
  • Potential for growth, change and social experimentation
  • Specialization for specific topics, ages or gender groups
  • Privacy

Limitations of Online Support Groups

  • Differing stages of group development (groups remain open to new members and members may log in and out at anytime; fluctuations in membership may make it difficult for groups to go through typical stages together or to maintain a working phase for long periods of time)
  • Limited feedback (lack of face-to-face interaction limits people's ability to use vocal intonations, verbal and non-verbal cues to provide feedback to other members)
  • Crisis management (handling an emotional crisis in cyberspace is challenging — limited feedback and lack of identifying information make assessment and referrals difficult)
  • Anonymity breaches (despite steps to maintain anonymity, members can exchange identifying information and personal communication — members must consider the risks before joining and providing any information)
  • Host competency (requirements for hosts vary among sites; hosts should state their professional qualifications or indicate none)
  • Quality control (each online support group sets its own standards and procedures — users should try several to determine which suits their needs)
  • Members with limited language skills (members with English as a second language, learning disabilities or other language limitations may find challenges or misunderstandings due to lack of other feedback)
  • Hoax perpetuations (people with unscrupulous motives can deceive an online support group)

Online support groups can benefit people with barriers to accessing more traditional methods of support and can have the potential to improve the access and delivery of support to a wider range of people, including some who would not seek face-to-face support at all. They can reduce a person’s sense of isolation and increase feelings of validation. However, it is important to note that online support groups may not be appropriate for everyone.

Be sure to check out our Mesothelioma Discussion Board where you can receive information and support from our online community.


Benefits of companion pets

How Pets Help Mesothelioma Patients Cope

In the 1800s, Florence Nightingale wrote that a pet "is often an excellent companion for the sick." Today, researchers and medical professionals agree that animals play a valuable role in comforting humans who are suffering from stress or a serious illness, such as mesothelioma. A number of studies over the past 25 years have focused on the healthful benefits of pets:

  • Visits with a therapy dog helped heart and lung function by lowering blood pressure, diminishing release of harmful hormones and decreasing anxiety in hospitalized heart failure patients.
  • Animal-assisted therapy can reduce the loneliness of patients in long-term care facilities.
  • In a study of 100 Medicare patients, seniors who owned dogs had 21% fewer doctor visits than those who did not.
  • Average medication costs per patient per day dropped 68.9% in new nursing homes that had animals and plants as an integral part of the environment.
  • Researchers at Sloan-Kettering Memorial Cancer Center in New York found that companion animals, especially cats and dogs, had a beneficial impact on adult caregivers while caring for a spouse who had cancer.
  • A clinical nursing observation on the therapeutic value of pets for patients with Alzheimer's disease suggests that pets help alleviate loneliness and emotional isolation and increase communication, social interaction, and sensory stimulation.

Animal-Assisted Therapy (ATT)

Often, chronically or terminally ill patients must let go of their own pets because they are unable to care for them any longer. In cases such as these, animal-assisted therapy (AAT) can help to improve the quality of life for mesothelioma patients as well as their grieving family members and friends.

While most people are familiar with dogs that assist the blind, therapy animals offer a different kind of help. Some visit patients informally to boost their spirits, while others work in a more structured environment with trained professionals and specific treatment goals.  In both cases, AAT provides a means for the seriously ill and those who love them to enjoy the comfort that comes from the unconditional love of an animal. Many animal therapy volunteers relate countless stories of patients who have found peace in their suffering by touching and snuggling with an affectionate animal.

If you are suffering from a serious illness like mesothelioma, or if you are caring for someone who is, you may find comfort in animal-assisted therapy. To learn more and find therapy animal programs in your area, visit the Delta Society.

Financial assistance

Mesothelioma is an extremely costly disease. Not only can it have devastating effects on the body, it can also have an overwhelming financial impact on a patient's family. Just when all their energy must be focused on getting the best care for their loved one, the combination of mounting medical bills and lost wages can leave family members reeling.

If you or someone you love has mesothelioma cancer, financial assistance for cancer patients through various mesothelioma related insurance may be available to ease the burden. Here are some of the resources where mesothelioma cancer patients have found help to deal with their financial concerns.

Social Security Disability Insurance

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) provides benefit payments to disabled workers and their spouses and dependent children. SSDI also provides financial assistance to disabled widows and widowers as well as disabled adult children of retired or deceased workers. To learn more about SSDI, visit your nearest Social Security office or go to: http://www.ssa.gov.

Disability Insurance

Disability insurance benefits replace a percentage of a worker's regular wages when the worker is unable to perform the duties of his or her job. Disability insurance may be provided through the employer or purchased in a private policy.

Health Insurance

For those fortunate enough to have it, some private or employer-provided health insurance plans may help defray the costs of diagnostic testing and treatments required by mesothelioma cancer patients.

Clinical Trials

When a patient enrolls in a clinical trial, the trial sponsor may or may not pick up part of the treatment cost. Additionally, any fees for which the patient is responsible may or may not be covered by health insurance. If you're considering entering a clinical trial, you may wish to discuss your financial concerns with someone from the research team. He or she may be able to talk to representatives of your health plan to determine coverage guidelines and mesothelioma financial assistance options.

For more information on funding for clinical trials, visit the National Cancer Institute's website. Qualified patients may also be eligible for assistance from federal programs such as Medicare, TRICARE (Department of Defense health program), or the Department of Veterans' Affairs.

Workers' Compensation

A worker who is injured on the job is entitled to Workers' Compensation benefits. These typically cover medical expenses and a percentage of the injured worker's wages as long as the worker is disabled. If you or your loved one was injured by exposure to asbestos on the job, you may be eligible for mesothelioma financial assistance through Workers' Compensation benefits in addition to any claim you may have against the asbestos manufacturer.

Asbestos Industry

Many times, courts have ordered asbestos manufacturers to compensate mesothelioma patients who were exposed to asbestos. And while each case is different, judgments can be large enough to provide financial security for the family of the injured party.

Hospice care

For more than 35 years, the growth of the hospice movement in the U.S. has shaped new ways of thinking about death, dying and bereavement. It has also provided an alternative for care of patients who are in the final stages of a terminal illness like mesothelioma.

What is Hospice?

Contrary to a common belief, hospice is not a place. Although a mesothelioma patient may receive hospice care in a hospital, nursing home or dedicated hospice facility, most patients--about 90%--prefer to live their final days in the comfort of their home.

Hospice is, rather, a unique philosophy of care that focuses on quality of life rather than length of life. When all treatment options have been exhausted and there is no hope for a cure, a hospice program for mesothelioma can provide a patient with something called palliative care. The main goal of palliative care is to improve the patient's well-being by easing pain and resolving psychological problems.

Hospice Services for Mesothelioma Patients

With mesothelioma hospice care, professional staff and volunteers are available around the clock to ease the patient's transition through the final stages of life.  Hospice programs use a multi-dimensional approach which may include any or all of the following services:

  • Pain and symptom control. Keeping the mesothelioma patient comfortable and pain-free is the primary goal of hospice care.
  • Spiritual care. While not a religious program in itself, hospice offers support for mesothelioma patients and families in meeting their spiritual and religious needs. These needs are often important to people who are facing the end of life.
  • Home care or inpatient care. In general, hospice strives to help terminally ill patients remain at home. However, if inpatient care is needed temporarily, hospice staff works with hospital staff to ensure continued care.
  • Respite care. Providing constant care for a seriously ill patient can put a tremendous strain on a family. When a break is needed, hospice can provide respite - or "relief" - care in a hospital or other inpatient facility. This allows the family a few days of rest and relaxation.
  • Bereavement care. Hospice care is for families as well as patients. After a hospice patient dies, specially trained members of the hospice care team are available for a year or more to help surviving family members through their grief.

Hospice staff and volunteers provide many other services as well, such as education on death and dying or assisting families with daily care of the patient. With great compassion and empathy, these dedicated people help victims of mesothelioma and other terminal illnesses to face death with acceptance and dignity. This is done by helping these individuals focus on living each remaining day as fully as possible.

To learn more about coping with the physical and emotional symptoms of mesothelioma, click here.

Financial planning

Mesothelioma is a serious illness with many difficult challenges. Yet many patients, upon learning they have mesothelioma, may push aside concerns about their personal pain. Instead, they focus on how their families will survive the mounting medical bills and lost income that go hand-in-hand with mesothelioma. Since we tend to think of mesothelioma as a disease that happens “to other people,” very few of us have a financial plan in place that would provide adequate medical care and support for our families in the wake of a life-threatening illness. 

I Have Mesothelioma - What Do I Do Now?

No matter what your current financial situation is, there are steps you can take now to prepare for the difficult road ahead. You may want to consider retaining the services of an experienced attorney who works with people who have mesothelioma. A legal professional or a financial advisor can assist you by helping to identify resources you may not have considered.

Get the Whole Financial Picture
Before you begin to determine how you will pay your bills, the first step is to take stock of what you own (your assets) and what you owe (your liabilities). The difference between the two tells you where you stand now.

Next, list the amount of monthly income you receive and where it comes from, along with how much you pay in expenses every month. Take the information you’ve gathered with you when you meet with your legal or financial advisor.

Depending on your circumstances, your advisor may recommend a number of different actions to help pay your medical bills and living expenses, including some of the following.

  • Liquidate your low-earning assets – Money market funds, CDs, and bonds fall into this category, and you should be able to liquidate them without significant tax implications.
  • Liquidate stocks and mutual funds – Selling higher earning assets could have tax consequences, but if you need the cash to fund your medical care, the tax implications may seem insignificant.
  • Borrow on margin – Borrowing against stocks held in your brokerage account may or may not be a good idea in your circumstances.  Proceed with caution and talk to your advisor before you move forward with this one.
  • Tap your retirement accounts – Remember, though, that even though you will not have to pay a penalty on early withdrawals from a retirement account due to your disability, you will still pay taxes on the amount you withdraw, and the rules will vary according to the type of account you have. Your advisor can help you decide the best way to draw cash from your retirement account.
  • Borrow against your home equity – If you already had a home equity line of credit when you became ill, this may be the time to put it to use. Interest on home equity loans is relatively low and may be tax-deductible. If you don’t already have an equity line of credit, however, it may be hard to open one without proof of current income.

Other potential cash resources include life insurance policies with a cash value and any family members who are in a position to assist you. But before you consider riskier options – like taking out a reverse mortgage or a life insurance loan, or maxing out your credit cards, for example – be sure to talk with your advisor.

Compensation for Asbestos Victims

As an individual with mesothelioma or other asbestos-related disease, you may be entitled to financial compensation from the party responsible for your asbestos exposure. An attorney experienced with mesothelioma cases can explain your legal rights in-depth and answer any questions you may have. If you’re ready to speak to someone about your potential claim, please complete our free case evaluation form today.

 

Advanced care planning

Advanced care planning involves making decisions about the type of care you would want to receive if future circumstances leave you unable to speak for yourself.  The types of decisions you face may be related to medical care, housing, and finances.  If you have been diagnosed with mesothelioma, advance care planning can go a long way in easing anxiety for both you and your family.

The process of advance care planning typically involves three major steps:

  1. Setting Goals of Care:  Consider the goals of care, keeping comfort, function and longevity in mind. Then consider treatment options as they relate to these goals.
  2. Communicating Choices:  Be sure that people most likely to be involved in your treatment are aware of the choices.  Discuss the rationales behind them to avoid misunderstandings.
  3. Documenting Choices:  Advance directives are commonly used. These involve appointing someone to make medical decisions for you if/when you are no longer able to do so and documenting your wishes so providers and family can make decisions and provide treatment that matches your beliefs and values.

Things to Consider When Planning

Financial Issues. Contact hospital financial counselors, insurance companies and local financial assistance resources.

Housing/Living Arrangements. Consider your current and future needs by planning for increased support services such as long-term care or hospice.

Advance Directives. Consider completing an Advance Directive, Living Will, and/or Durable Power of Health Care.  Which one(s) you choose to use will depend on your needs, wants, and the requirements of your individual state.

Legal Issues. Consider completing a Will, Trust, Legal Power of Attorney, or other instrument as needed.

Put Your Affairs in Order. Organize records, documents, insurance policies, and financial documents to ensure family members know how to access information and to ensure your wishes are being met.

Memories. Talk about ways you would like to be remembered and prepare. Creating a journal, photo book, video, memorial service, or other memento can leave behind your personal legacy. As always, you are not alone. There are many resources available to assist you in this process.

Advance care planning is an individual process that can be overwhelming in the best of circumstances.  That is why it is important for you and your loved ones to begin such discussions early and continue them throughout life, as values and decisions often change over time.

To learn more about coping with mesothelioma and other serious asbestos-related diseases, click here.

Getting organized

Struggling with mesothelioma or another serious illness is an uphill battle, and not being able to find a vital document when you need it is the last thing you want to deal with.  One way to prevent this from happening is to organize all of your important paperwork and personal information. Your organizational “system” should allow you and your caregivers to more easily navigate records related to your medical, financial, and legal needs.

Some Helpful Tips

  1. Store all of your important information in one place.  Get a file cabinet or filing system and purchase a notebook.  Keep all of your documents neatly filed.  Use the notebook to keep track of medical, financial, and legal information you may need on-the-go.
  2. Tell a person you trust where all of your information is kept.  You never know when someone else may need to step in to assist you or access your information.
  3. Arrange for your spouse or another family member to take control of your medical, financial, and legal issues if you are unable to do so.  This may include advance directives for healthcare and durable power of attorney for other decisions.

Types of information to gather include:

Personal

  • Social security number
  • Legal residence
  • Names and addresses of spouse and children
  • Family records (birth and death certificates, certificates of marriage, divorce, citizenship, and adoption)
  • Education records
  • Military records (or dd-214) if you have them
  • Employers and dates of employment
  • Union records
  • Co-workers names and contact information (it might be helpful to look through Christmas card lists)
  • If self-employed any old invoices, receipts, records, etc.
  • Names and phone numbers of relatives and close friends

Medical

  • List of medical providers names and contact information
  • List of current medications and treatments
  • Medical records (regarding the cancer)
  • Death certificate (if the mesothelioma or lung cancer victim is deceased)
  • Pathology report
  • Copy of advance directives or durable power of attorney for health care

Financial

  • Sources of income and assets (retirement funds, IRAs, 401(k)s, interest, etc.)
  • Social Security and Medicare information
  • Insurance information (life, health, long-term care, home, car) with policy numbers and agent names and phone numbers
  • Banks and account information (checking, savings, credit union)
  • Investment income (stocks, bonds, property) and stockbrokers’ names and contact information
  • Copy of your most recent tax return
  • Mortgages and debt (including how and when to be paid)
  • Location of original deed of trust for home, car title, and registration
  • Location of safe deposit box and key (if applicable)

Legal

  • Will, Power of Attorney, Trust or and other legal documents
  •  Any records from any other attorney they may have worked with regarding their asbestos exposure

Of course, you may not have all of the items mentioned above; this list is simply a guideline. Also, note that these documents don’t have to be obtained all at once—they can be gradually collected over time.

Getting your affairs in order after a mesothelioma diagnosis can seem overwhelming, but it doesn’t have to be. Be sure to ask a family member or friend for help in getting the job done.  Having your important information easily accessible can do wonders for alleviating stress as you cope with your illness.

Mesothelioma support groups

The diagnosis of a serious illness like mesothelioma can be devastating for patients, their friends and their families. Fear, denial, anger and grief are just some of the emotions that may surface all at once. Where can you turn if you or someone you love is trying to cope with the difficulty of being a mesothelioma patient?

Fortunately, Mesothelioma support groups provide help by sharing resources for patients and their family. The following resources offer support for mesothelioma patients and other types of cancer as well as their families and friends.

Association of Cancer Online Resources (ACOR)

An excellent resource for victims of all types of cancer. ACOR offers online support in the form of e-mail lists, real-time chat and links to other support sites.

Alliance for Lung Cancer, Advocacy, Support and Education Support Groups (ALCASE)

Provides support for cancer patients and their families, including online communities with discussion groups, a buddy support system and inspirational stories of people living with cancer.

CancerCare

A national nonprofit organization that provides free professional support services to people with cancer, caregivers, children, loved ones and the bereaved.

Cancer Information and Counseling Line (CICL)

A nationally recognized telephone counseling program affiliated with AMC Cancer Research Center in Denver, Colorado. To reach the hotline, call 1-800-525-3777 (or 303-239-3422 within the Denver Metro area), Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.

Gilda's Club

Provides social and emotional support to cancer patients and their families and friends, with an emphasis on living with cancer. Gilda's Club is named in honor of comedian Gilda Radner, who died of ovarian cancer in 1989.

Hospice Education Institute

HOSPICELINK, a service of the nonprofit Hospice Education Institute, is a computerized database of all hospice care programs in the United States. Call toll-free 1-800-331-1620 for referrals to hospice and palliative care programs, as well as general information about hospice care.

I Can Cope

An educational program of the American Cancer Society for people facing cancer, either personally or as a caregiver. Classes are available in many communities as well as online.

Look Good... Feel Better

A free program that helps improve the self-image, appearance, and quality of life of people undergoing cancer treatment. Originally a program for women, LGFB now includes programs for men and teens.

Stories of Hope

The American Cancer Society presents inspirational stories of people whose lives have been touched by cancer.

Taking Charge of Money Matters

This workshop, offered by the American Cancer Society, addresses money issues that typically arise during and after cancer treatment.

The Wellness Community (TWC)

An international nonprofit organization that provides education and resources to people affected by cancer.

Caregiver tips

In many ways, the family members of mesothelioma patients are the disease’s “forgotten victims.”  You may dismiss your own well-being as you put the welfare of someone you love first.  However, in order to maintain the strength, endurance and patience necessary to be an effective caregiver is by acknowledging and responding to your own needs.

Below are some practical tips to help you care for yourself while you care for your loved one with mesothelioma.

1.      Recognize and Accept Your Emotions

As a mesothelioma caregiver, you may be experiencing a complex mix of emotions. Deep love for your family member and the reward of helping them may be combined with feelings of resentment and frustration. You’ll likely find that sentiments such as anger, grief and sadness come and go.  Keep in mind that there is no "right" or "wrong" way to feel. Your emotions are legitimate, even if they seem unfair or socially unacceptable. Recognizing and accepting your feelings are vital to keeping stress at bay.

If you discover that your emotions are making day-to-day life difficult for you, consider finding someone to talk to. A trusted family member, friend, pastor or even your physician can provide a listening ear and help you find positive ways to cope with your loved one’s mesothelioma. You may also find people in similar situations as yourself. To connect and share with these individuals, please visit our Discussion Board.

2.      Don’t Be Afraid to Ask for Help

When you’re caring for someone with mesothelioma—in addition to shouldering responsibilities to family, and work—you may find yourself in a daily race against the clock, trying to accomplish too much in too little time.  However, as a caregiver, it’s crucial to set realistic goals for yourself. This means recognizing what you can and cannot handle and calling on others to pick up the slack.

Here are examples of some things you can ask for assistance with:

  • Preparing meals
  • Housework
  • Laundry
  • Yard work
  • Grocery shopping
  • Childcare, picking up children after school
  • Eldercare
  • Pet care
  • Doctor visits for your loved one
  • Running simple errands (i.e. the post office, dry cleaning)

If you’re a caregiver for someone with mesothelioma, be sure to communicate with your family and friends.  Don’t wait for assistance and don’t be afraid to ask others for help. 

3.      Take Care of Your Own Health

Tending to your own well-being is essential to your ability to give care to someone with mesothelioma. That's because your physical health affects your energy, your outlook on life, and your ability to deal with stress. Below are some basic self-care guidelines to follow while you’re helping a loved one battle mesothelioma or asbestos cancer.

Eat right and stay active. Food is fuel for your body and gives you the strength you need to get through each day.  Avoid eating a lot of processed foods and high-salt, high-fat take-out fare. Instead, take the time to prepare wholesome, well-balanced meals.  Be sure to drink plenty of water and limit your caffeine and alcohol intake. Although it may seem impossible to work fitness into your busy schedule, keep in mind that even light exercise can boost your energy levels—and your spirits.

Get plenty of sleep.  Sleep recharges your body, improves your functioning and strengthens your stress-coping mechanisms.  Be sure to get at least 6 to 8 hours of sleep per night. However, if the tension of providing care for someone with mesothelioma is making sleep difficult, try a warm bath or simple relaxation exercises at bedtime. If you continue to experience chronic sleep problems, consult your physician.

Identify sources of support. Make a list of the people and organizations you can turn to for emotional support and practical assistance with mesothelioma. Include friends, neighbors, family members, health care providers, social workers, clergy, and church members. You’ll feel less isolated and more secure when you realize you’re really not alone.

Make time for yourself.  While you’re caring for a loved one with mesothelioma, don’t forget that you’re a person with needs, too. Take “time-outs” for yourself throughout the week, whether it’s spending five minutes reading a favorite magazine or visiting a good friend.  Doing the things you enjoy will lift your mood and can help to break the monotony and pressure of caregiving.

4.     Join a Support Group

Support groups unite individuals in similar situations, providing a warm, nurturing environment in which to exchange feelings and experiences with diseases like mesothelioma.  Whether you wish to tell your story or simply listen to others as they share, joining a support group can help you manage stress and anxiety, make new friends, and maintain a positive outlook on your situation.  Ask a nurse or social worker or visit http://www.caregiver.com for help in finding a mesothelioma caregiver support group in your local area.

Most importantly, give yourself credit for all of the selfless, caring things you’ve done for your spouse or family member as you battle mesothelioma together.  Know that you’re doing the best you can in an extremely challenging situation.  Even if he or she doesn’t express it—at all or often enough—your loved one is thankful to have you by their side.

Learning to cope with Mesothelioma

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, you may be dealing with a variety of different emotions. You may not know where to turn or what to do. Getting mesothelioma help and support for yourself and your loved ones may help ease your mind.

There are many different ways you and your family can get the comfort and mesothelioma help you need. The National Cancer Institute provides the following tips on coping with a cancer diagnosis:

  • Realize that feeling a variety of different emotions-anger, denial, sadness, fear-is completely normal.
  • Talk with your family members about the cancer and about the emotions you all may be experiencing.
  • Get help for mesothelioma and support from an outside source by meeting with a counselor so you and your family members can talk about your feelings.
  • Learn everything you can about mesothelioma. Write down questions for your doctor or your loved one's doctor so you do not forget them.
  • Surround yourself with a support network. Family members and friends can provide you with a great deal of help and support. They can help you with everyday tasks and they can reassure you when you feel down.
  • Seek mesothelioma help and support from others with the disease or other types of cancer. There may also be support groups for loved ones of cancer victims so family members can receive the mesothelioma help and support they need.
  • Stay active by exercising or enjoying a hobby.
  • Plan for the future. Ask your doctor about preparing a living will or advance directives. These help family members know your medical wishes in case you can no longer speak for yourself. Also speak to a lawyer about preparing a will if you do not have one.

Decide whether to seek potential financial mesothelioma help. Filing a mesothelioma lawsuit may result in a settlement that could help you and your family get in-home medical care, pay off medical bills, debts, and funeral costs. A settlement may also help make sure your family will be taken care of in the future. For more information on why to file a lawsuit, click here.

A loved ones’ mesothelioma diagnosis

A diagnosis of mesothelioma deals a shocking blow. The patient may be consumed with painful feelings and troubling questions. But although attention is often focused on the mesothelioma patients at this time, it's also important to recognize the effect of this devastating illness on family and friends.

When a loved one is facing serious illness and possible death, families often feel helpless. Just like the patient with a mesothelioma diagnosis, they may experience emotions of anger, grief and confusion. They may worry about their ability to care for the victim, as well as practical matters such as finances. Close relatives and friends may be afraid to witness the patient's pain and suffering, or they may experience sadness at the thought of losing someone dear to them.

You Can Learn to Cope

When someone you love has been diagnosed with mesothelioma, you can learn to cope. Simply by being present, you are doing the most supportive, caring and compassionate thing you can do for the patient. Start by learning everything you can about mesothelioma-knowledge is a powerful antidote to fear.

To read more on learning to cope, click here.

Taking Care of Yourself

Although knowledge can make family members feel more confident in their ability to provide the necessary care, dealing with mesothelioma still puts a tremendous emotional strain on everyone close to the patient. Often, this strain is so great that some healthcare professionals now view the families of cancer patients as "secondary patients."

For this reason, it's important for caregivers to remember to care for themselves. Diet and nutrition, exercise, and rest and recreation are just as important for caregivers as they are for those diagnosed with mesothelioma. Family members must maintain their health and energy levels, not only for their own wellbeing, but also to be able to continue caring for their loved one.

Support groups are an excellent resource for families of mesothelioma patients or other cancers. These groups offer everything from emotional support to practical help with patient care, finances and more. When caring for a mesothelioma patient becomes overwhelming, a support group may be able to offer just the help you need. No one affected by mesothelioma-whether it's a patient, family member or friend-has to carry the burden alone.

Stay up-to-date with the most recent information on our MesoRC Blog, or you can join the discussion in the MesoRC Discussion Board.

 

 

Traveling with mesothelioma

A Guide to Traveling with Mesothelioma

Travel, contrary to popular myth, isn’t always fun. In fact, the details of travel – scheduling, shopping for the best rates, booking transportation and lodging – can try the patience of even the most seasoned and organized travelers.

For many reasons, traveling may present bigger challenges for patients with mesothelioma and other serious illnesses. But whether the purpose of the trip is treatment or pleasure, a little forethought and planning can help make travel affordable, convenient and comfortable for mesothelioma patients and their families.

Travel Challenges for Mesothelioma Patients

Mesothelioma patients may have to travel significant distances to take advantage of the most promising medical treatments. But treatment itself can also present obstacles to travel. Following surgery, for example, most doctors recommend that patients refrain from driving, operating heavy machinery or taking part in strenuous activity. And patients who have undergone chemotherapy may have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infection.

If you’ve recently received PET scans or other radiologic scans that use internal media for illumination, you may trigger radiation detectors at an airport. Ask your doctor for a letter that states the name and date of the procedure you had, the amount of radioactive material used, and how long radioactivity is likely to be detectable. Carry the letter with you to respond to airport authorities who may question you.

Bottom line: If you’re planning to travel, talk to your doctor first. Your doctor can advise you about any other precautions you should take, such as wearing a mask on an airplane and washing your hands frequently to avoid infections.

Travel Tips for Mesothelioma Patients

If you have a medical emergency while traveling, being able to provide a new doctor with as much background on your case as possible will help to ensure that you receive the most prompt, appropriate care. Begin by wearing a Medic Alert bracelet to identify your medical condition. Then, be sure to carry the following documentation with you at all times:

  • A letter from your doctor that outlines your diagnosis and treatment plan
  • Your doctor’s name, address, and phone numbers
  • Copies of your recent test results
  • A list of all medications you’re taking and any drug allergies or reactions you’ve experienced

Before you leave, do some homework to identify the facilities and services you may need on your trip. For example:

  • Identify a medical facility in your destination city where you can go in case of emergency.
  • Check airline regulations for carrying medications and medical equipment.
  • Talk to your health insurance representative to find out about your coverage away from home. Ask about travel insurance if necessary.

Be sure to pack more than enough of your medication to last for the entire trip, and carry bottled water and meal replacement drinks or snacks with you. Severe weather and other delays can occur without warning; being prepared will help to minimize discomfort if you have to wait.

Travel Assistance for Patients with Mesothelioma

Travel costs can easily be out of reach for families already struggling to pay for medical care. Fortunately, there are several programs that help to reduce travel costs for patients, including:

  • churches and charitable organizations that assist with local transportation or child care while a patient is receiving treatment
  • free flights on corporate jets for medical travel
  • special rates and flexibility from commercial airlines
  • individuals who donate frequent flyer miles to seriously ill travelers
  • volunteer pilots who fly shorter trips at reasonable rates to help patients avoid grueling commercial flights
  • hospitality houses that offer free or reduced-rate lodging for patients with mesothelioma and other illnesses

Finally, in some cases, tax savings are available for the cost of travel for medical treatment. Talk to your tax consultant to see how these savings may apply to you.

Exercise & Mesothelioma

Although the health benefits of exercise are widely known, most people still think of exercise in terms of disease prevention. Until recently, people diagnosed with cancers such as mesothelioma were often advised by their doctors to go home, rest and take it easy. After all, treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation were known to leave patients weak and exhausted in many cases.

Today, however, treatment methods have improved, and people with mesothelioma and other cancers are living longer. As a result, the philosophy of treatment has shifted to focus on living as well as possible in whatever time remains. By helping patients maintain strength and body function, exercise as a mesothelioma treatment is a key factor in sustaining and improving quality of life.

Getting Started

  • Before beginning any exercise program, you may want to talk to your doctor. Your physician can advise you regarding appropriate activities and fitness goals.
  • Choose activities that are comfortable, accessible and enjoyable. Try to include cardiovascular, strength-building or flexibility exercises along with a few moments of relaxation or meditation.
  • Start slowly. Cardiovascular activity can boost your immune system, decrease fatigue and raise your spirits - but doing too much, too fast can have a negative effect. Many people find walking an easy way to start. Five to 10 minutes, once or twice every day may not seem like much, but it can make a big difference. Gradually increase your walking time and speed, as long as you feel comfortable.
  • As a mesothelioma patient, you may have good days and bad days. If you're not feeling well, don't hesitate to skip an exercise session or limit your time. Easy stretching exercises may be helpful in this case.
  • Look for exercise programs for people with cancer in your community. Many health clubs and organizations offer these specialized programs.

Above all, listen to your body, and take it slow and steady. Soon you may join other mesothelioma patients who say that exercise helps them to take their minds off their illness and focus on living well.

Diet & nutrition tips

Eating a healthy diet that contains all the essential nutrients can be a challenge for anyone. But for people with mesothelioma and other cancers, this challenge is even more difficult. Although loss of appetite and nausea are common in people with mesothelioma, eating a healthy, balanced diet becomes more important than ever. Proper nutrition helps to boost the immune system, maintain energy levels and fight the free radicals that can cause cancer. In addition, diet and nutrition can play an important role in reducing the toxic side effects of some mesothelioma treatments.

If you or someone you know has mesothelioma, here are some diet and nutrition tips for fighting the disease and living well while undergoing treatment:

  • A consultation with a dietician can help you create a nutritious meal plan that is tailored to your needs.
  • Most sources recommend a lower-carbohydrate diet for people with cancer. At the same time, higher amounts of protein can help repair tissue damaged by surgery or other mesothelioma treatments. It can also help to maintain a healthy immune system.
  • Include fats in your diet to help supply your body with the energy it needs.
  • Drink plenty of water to keep your body hydrated and flush out the toxins produced by mesothelioma treatments.
  • If loss of appetite prevents you from eating more than a few bites at each meal, you can boost your caloric intake and avoid excessive weight loss by consuming high-calorie foods. These include butter, milk, cheese, honey and sugars.
  • Focus on liquids and soft foods if you are nauseated or have difficulty swallowing. Blended drinks such as fruit smoothies may be more tolerable than solid foods. Commercially prepared liquid diet supplements are also useful.
  • To be sure you are getting enough of the nutrients you need, you may want to ask your doctor if nutritional supplements are right for you.

Mesothelioma pain & management

One of the main signs alerting people that they may have mesothelioma can be physical pain. Depending on the type of mesothelioma, pain may be felt in the chest or the abdomen. If the cancer has spread, pain may be experienced in other areas of the body as well. As a mesothelioma tumor grows, symptoms that were initially slight can become more severe.

What Causes Mesothelioma Pain?

Most pain is caused by fluid buildup, a common mesothelioma symptom.  As the tumor grows and expands, it produces fluid in the chest or abdomen. Fluid in the chest compresses the lung, causing intense pain. Mesothelioma pain can cause difficulty sleeping and loss of appetite as the fluid slowly crushes vital organs.

Although the pain associated with mesothelioma cannot always be eliminated, there are many options for reducing your discomfort. In fact, effective mesothelioma pain management during all the various stages is an important factor in your quality of life. Additionally, the earlier pain treatment is begun, the more effective it is in providing relief. Below are some common approaches used for mesothelioma pain management.

Medication

Non-Opioid Drugs

Certain medications called non-opioids may be prescribed to relieve mild to moderate mesothelioma pain. These include drugs such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) and non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen (Motrin and Aleve). Non-opioids may be given to a patient in a variety of ways, including orally, rectally, intravenously, or subcutaneously (injection). Non-opioid pain relievers may be prescribed along with other therapies depending on the severity of pain.

Opioid Drugs

For moderate to severe mesothelioma pain, narcotic pain relievers, or opioids, may be prescribed. This class of drugs includes morphine, fentanyl, codeine, and oxycodone. Other narcotics include Actiq, Duragesic, and Dilaudid. Opioids rarely pose a danger of addiction for the patient, and may be used in combination with other drugs and therapies when the pain is extreme. They may be prescribed at any stage of mesothelioma treatment.

Onset Narcotic Pain Relievers

A class of fast-acting drugs called onset narcotic pain relievers is typically used to treat breakthrough pain. Breakthrough mesothelioma pain is severe pain that occurs suddenly and lasts only a short time. An example of an onset narcotic pain reliever is oral morphine.

Other Medications

Some drugs are used specifically to treat the burning and tingling pain associated with mesothelioma, which is a result of nerve damage. Antidepressants such as Elavil and Norpramine are often prescribed, even if the patient is not depressed. Other kinds of drugs used for tingling and burning pain are anticonvulsants such as Neurontin. Corticosteroids, which reduce swelling, are also effective in treating this type of mesothelioma pain.

Nerve Blocks

In a nerve block, or neural blockade, a local anesthetic is injected into or around the nerves below the skin where the patient is experiencing pain. This temporarily stops pain signals being transmitted from the brain, providing relief for several hours. Nerve blocks are typically used to treat acute and chronic mesothelioma cancer pain.

Epidural and Intrathecal Pumps

For more widespread mesothelioma pain management, an epidural or intrathecal pump may be used. These pumps deliver medication continuously to broad areas of pain. They are also referred to as patient-controlled analgesia, or PCA. With PCA, the patient is able to control the amount of medication they receive by simply pushing a button. Epidural and intrathecal pumps are typically very effective and often result in fewer side effects than other forms of pain relief medication.

Neurosurgery

Neurosurgery involves surgery of the brain or nerve tissue. During neurosurgery, the nerves that transmit pain messages are cut or destroyed, and painful sensations can no longer be felt. Neurosurgical techniques are sometimes used to relieve mesothelioma pain, and involve implanting drug-delivery devices and stimulating nerve fibers to help eliminate or reduce discomfort.

Alternative Pain Management

In some cases, traditional methods of pain management aren't very effective. As a result, some patients may choose alternative practices to help treat their mesothelioma pain. These alternative treatments can be used to relieve post-procedure pain, chronic pain associated with mesothelioma and other cancers, and discomfort during certain medical procedures. Below are some alternative mesothelioma pain management techniques used today.

Relaxation

Relaxation can relieve the pain of mesothelioma by reducing tension in the muscles. Typical relaxation techniques focus on deep breathing, quiet and meditation. Relaxation can be performed at home and can improve sleep, lessen fatigue, relieve anxiety, and even boost the performance of other pain relief methods.

Biofeedback

This method involves the use of specialized machines to help patients learn to control heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension. Biofeedback techniques, which must be administered with the help of a trained biofeedback technician, can help patients cope with mesothelioma pain by improving their ability to relax.

Hypnosis

When performed by a trained specialist, hypnosis--a state of high concentration between wakefulness and sleep--can block pain awareness or substitute other sensations for painful ones. Self-hypnosis can also be effective in managing mesothelioma pain.

Massage

Applied over or near the specific area of mesothelioma pain, the act of slow, steady massage can bring welcome relief to a cancer patient. A massage can be performed by a family member, friend, or licensed massage therapist using warm oils, powders, or other substances.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese form of healing, involving the insertion of very fine needles into the body at certain points, depths, and angles. It is a proven and broadly accepted form of mesothelioma pain relief that can be very effective in treating the discomfort felt by many patients.

Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS)

During TENS, harmless electric currents are applied to the skin by way of a small electrical device. The device sends mild electrical impulses into the body which seem to reduce pain sensations. A TENS unit, when used properly, can be used by mesothelioma cancer patients at home for effective pain relief.

Cold or Heat

The application of cold can be effective in numbing painful areas of the body, and can be applied using gel packs, ice cubes wrapped in a towel, or water frozen in a paper cup. Heat works to relieve pain by easing sore muscles. Heat can be applied by using a heating pad, hot water bottles, a hot, moist towel, or by taking a hot bath or shower. In some cases, alternating hot and cold methods can provide added pain relief associated with mesothelioma.

Choosing a Mesothelioma treatment center

Choosing a facility to provide your mesothelioma treatment and care can be a challenging task. As a general rule of thumb, larger hospitals and specialized cancer centers may have more experience in dealing with different cancers. As a result, they may offer more treatment services for patients with rare disorders such as mesothelioma.

Asking the right questions is an important first step in choosing a place that's right for your needs. Below are some points to consider when researching a facility for treating mesothelioma.

  • Is the facility conveniently located?
  • Is the facility clean and well-maintained?
  • Is the facility experienced in treating mesothelioma?
  • Has the facility been successful at treating mesothelioma?
  • Does the mesothelioma treatment facility monitor and improve its quality of care? How?
  • Has the facility been approved by a nationally recognized organization, such as the American College of Surgeons (ACS) and/or the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)?
  • Does the facility clearly explain patients' rights and responsibilities? Are copies of this information available to me?
  • Does the facility house all of the services I will need at some point during my mesothelioma treatment (i.e. pathology lab, diagnostic lab, radiation therapy equipment, magnetic resonance imaging equipment, social services department)?
  • Does the treatment facility offer assistance in helping me find financial aid if I need it?
  • Will I see the same providers each time I visit?
  • Have my questions and concerns been addressed in a courteous, friendly manner by the staff?
  • Does the staff in general seem knowledgeable about their facility and its services?

Commission on Cancer

The Commission on Cancer (COC) of the American College of Surgeons has established a cancer treatment facilities approval program. Its list includes over 1,400 facilities in the U.S., each having demonstrated exceptional diagnosis and treatment services for cancer patients. To search for a COC-approved cancer treatment facility near you, please visit The American Cancer Society.

National Cancer Institute

With a goal of improving cancer research, The National Cancer Institute (NCI) works with over 60 cancer treatment centers in the U.S. Each of these facilities is actively committed to reducing the impact of cancer on the population. For a comprehensive directory of NCI-designated facilities, please visit NCI Cancer Centers.

Mesothelioma treatment centers

Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer, representing less than 1 percent of all cancer types, or about 2,500 and 3,000 people in the United States annually. This means that smaller medical centers rarely see or treat patients with the disease. In addition, diagnosis and treatment of this cancer can be difficult.

For these reasons, it’s important for patients suffering from mesothelioma to be treated at centers with the proper level of expertise.

We’ve created a list of established medical centers in the United States that have programs and physicians who specialize in mesothelioma, usually as part of a division or center dedicated to thoracic diseases. These are meant as a centralized resource, not as a ranking or an endorsement of the care facilities.

Descriptions of each treatment center are adapted from the facility’s website and include links back to additional resources.

NORTHEAST

Brigham and Women's Hospital
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
Fox Chase Cancer Center
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Massachusetts General Hospital
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Mount Sinai Medical Center
Norris Cotton Cancer Center
NYU Langone Medical Center
Yale Cancer Center

SOUTHEAST

Duke University Medical Center
Emory Winship Cancer Institute
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute
Johns Hopkins Hospital
Markey Cancer Center and the University of Kentucky
MUSC Hollings Cancer Center
University of Alabama Hospital at Birmingham
University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center
UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
Vanderbilt University Medical Center

MIDWEST

Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
Mayo Clinic
Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center
Rush University Medical Center
University of Chicago Medical Center
University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers
University of Minnesota Cancer Center
William Beaumont Hospital

SOUTHWEST

Arizona Cancer Center
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston

WEST

City of Hope
Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center
Stanford University Hospital, Cancer Center
University of California, Davis, Cancer Center
University of California, San Francisco Medical Center
University of Colorado Cancer Center

 

Northeast

Brigham and Women's Hospital

75 Francis Street
Boston, MA 02115
(617) 732-5500
http://www.brighamandwomens.org

Mesothelioma services:

Members of the Brigham and Women's Hospital Thoracic Surgery Division have extensive experience in treating patients with mesothelioma. Specialists at the hospital’s International Mesothelioma Program have more than 20 years of experience in treating Mesothelioma and offer the full spectrum of conventional and novel therapies. Treatment includes precise diagnosis, state-of-the-art multimodality therapy, and supportive care for patients and their families. Click Here for more information
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

44 Binney Street
Boston, MA 02115
(617) 632-3000
http://www.dana-farber.org

Mesothelioma services:

The hospital’s Carole M. and Philip L. Lowe Thoracic Oncology Program (TOP) takes a multidisciplinary collaborative approach to evaluate patients with confirmed thoracic malignancies. Its physicians are experts in treating patients with lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma, mediastinal and thymic tumors, and metastic cancers to the chest. TOP treats patients with all types and stages of thoracic cancer—from commonly occurring lung malignancies to unusual and more challenging cases working with the patient, family members, and referring physicians to improve each patient's prognosis. Click Here for more information

Fox Chase Cancer Center

333 Cottman Avenue
Philadelphia, PA 19111
(215) 728-6900
http://www.fccc.edu

Mesothelioma services:

Fox Chase surgeons offer an individualized tailored surgical approach that integrates the patient functional status and stage. Fox Chase Cancer Center also offers comprehensive pain relief for lung cancer patients. Researchers at Fox Chase and other lung treatment centers are currently investigating the role of specialized proteins (detectable on a blood test) as a means of early detection and treatment monitoring for mesothelioma. Click Here for more information

Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania

3400 Spruce Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104
(215) 662-4000
http://www.PennMedicine.org

Mesothelioma services:

Penn's Center for Lung Cancer and Related Disorders offers state-of-the-art multidisciplinary care, from initial evaluation through treatment and follow-up care. The Center for Lung Cancer and Related Disorders includes doctors from many different fields who have recognized expertise in lung cancer, including specialists in thoracic (lung) surgery. Click Here for more information

Massachusetts General Hospital

55 Fruit Street
Boston, MA 02114
(617) 726-2000
http://www.massgeneral.org

Mesothelioma services:

The hospital’s Center for Thoracic Cancers is one of New England's most experienced programs for the treatment of lung, esophageal and other thoracic cancers. Mass General was among the first to create a multidisciplinary thoracic oncology clinic. Its team approach ensures that each patient benefits from an individualized, coordinated treatment plan involving thoracic oncology experts from a wide array of specialties. Click Here for more information

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

1275 York Avenue
New York, NY 10021
(212) 639-2000
http://www.mskcc.org

Mesothelioma services:

Having pioneered a number of new treatments for mesothelioma, Memorial Sloan-Kettering is one of the leading centers in the U.S. for the treatment of the disease. The hospital has established the nation's largest database of mesothelioma patients. Its thoracic (chest) physicians take an interdisciplinary approach to treating mesothelioma. The team includes medical oncologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, pathologists, and basic scientists. Click Here for more information

Mount Sinai Medical Center 

5 E. 98th St.
New York, NY 10029
212-241-6500
http://www.mountsinaimedicalcenter.org/msh/msmc-home.jsp

Mesothelioma services:

The Mount Sinai Thoracic Oncology Service provides state-of the-art, personalized, compassionate, and multidisciplinary medical care to patients suffering from thoracic malignancies. The Thoracic Oncology Service is also committed to the development of basic science and clinical research programs and professional development through its fellowship programs. Evaluation services include CT scan, PET scan, fiber-optic and rigid bronchoscopy, video-assisted thoracoscopy, and open lung biopsy with an expert pulmonary pathologist on site for diagnosis and referral. Treatment options include surgery, radiation (external beam and brachytherapy), chemotherapy and endobronchial laser with or without bronchial stenting. Click Here for more information

Norris Cotton Cancer Center 

One Medical Center Drive
Lebanon, NH 03756
212-241-6500
http://www.cancer.dartmouth.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The Norris Cotton Cancer Center’s Comprehensive Thoracic Oncology Program engages specialists from multiple disciplines to detect tumors earlier, stage them more accurately, and provide the appropriate modes of therapy. Patients seen through the center’s Interdisciplinary Lung Cancer Clinic are able to coordinate individual appointments with cancer specialists on a single day. Click Here for more information

NYU Langone Medical Center

550 First Ave. New York, NY 10016
212-263-7300
http://www.nyumedicalcenter.org

Mesothelioma services:

Novel mesothelioma treatments involving surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and new molecular therapies are becoming available through the NYU Thoracic Oncology Program and other cancer centers with mesothelioma programs and experts. Click Here for more information

Yale Cancer Center

333 Cedar St.
New Haven, CT 06510
203-785-2959
http://www.yalecancercenter.org

Mesothelioma services:

The Yale Cancer Center Thoracic Oncology Program (TOP) is a multidisciplinary program dedicated to providing cutting-edge evaluation and treatment to patients with thoracic malignancies in an efficient and coordinated manner. Through TOP, patients have access to nationally recognized expert clinicians, who provide an organized, collaborative approach to cancer care, and access to the latest technologies and treatments. Patients also benefit from newly available cancer therapies resulting from scientific insights gained in Yale laboratories and those of other comprehensive cancer centers in the United States. Click Here for more information

Southeast

Duke University Medical Center

2301 Erwin Road
Durham, NC 27710
(919) 684-8111
http://www.dukehealth.org

Mesothelioma services:

The Duke Thoracic Oncology Program is dedicated to improving the care and outcomes of patients with lung cancer and other thoracic malignancies such as mesothelioma. Its team of specialists includes nationally known thoracic surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, pulmonologists, and other professionals, many of whom have been rated best in the region and nation by their physician peers. These specialists work together to plan a comprehensive treatment strategy for each patient that provides the best chance of survival as well as better quality of life during and after treatment. The Duke Thoracic Oncology Program is also a national leader in the development of novel treatments for lung cancer. Duke offers patients access to an extensive array of clinical trials, a factor which has been proven to improve outcomes. Click Here for more information

Emory Winship Cancer Institute 

1365C Clifton Rd.
Atlanta, GA 30322
1-888-WINSHIP
http://cancer.emory.edu

Mesothelioma services:

Emory Winship Cancer Institute features a comprehensive team of specialists in cancers of the lungs and aerodigestive tract. Team members are fully dedicated to the care of patients and the discovery of new treatments for these cancers.  Experts draw upon Emory's resources in thoracic surgery, medical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, and pulmonology.  Emory Winship's care team also includes pathologists, radiologists, advanced practice nurses, and oncology nurses who are dedicated to lung and aerodigestive cancer treatment and research. Click Here for more information

H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute

12902 Magnolia Drive
Tampa, FL 33612
(813) 972-4673
http://www.moffitt.usf.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The Moffitt Cancer Center’s Thoracic Oncology Program provides patients and referring physicians with the most current methods of care and support available in the world today. The Thoracic Oncology Program utilizes an interdisciplinary approach to evaluate and treat lung and other thoracic cancers. This approach includes a team of physicians specializing in medical oncology, pulmonology, surgery, pathology, radiation therapy and radiology. These specialists work together to ensure coordinated care, good communication and an aggressive approach to treatment. Click Here for more information

Johns Hopkins Hospital

600 North Wolfe Street
Baltimore, MD 21287
(410) 955-5000
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org

Mesothelioma services:

The Division of Thoracic Surgery is dedicated to the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of (non-cardiac) diseases of the chest.  Service is provided for a broad range of thoracic issues, including Mesothelioma, at both the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions and the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Faculty provides state-of-the-art surgical techniques and oncologic therapies. The hospital applies modern techniques of minimally invasive procedures including video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and robotics surgery. Through multidisciplinary approaches, the hospital provides optimal surgical and non-surgical treatment options while streamlining consultations with other colleagues. Click Here for more information

Markey Cancer Center and the University of Kentucky 

800 Rose St.
Lexington, KY
859-257-1000
http://www.ukhealthcare.uky.edu/markey

Mesothelioma services:

The Multidisciplinary Lung Cancer Program includes multiple oncology specialists who have a broad range of expertise in all aspects of lung cancer, including mesothelioma. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy treatments are state-of-the-art, supplemented by national research studies as well as treatments with promising new drug regimens. Click Here for more information

MUSC Hollings Cancer Center

86 Jonathan Lucas St.
Charleston, SC 29452
(843) 792-9300
http://hcc.musc.edu

Mesothelioma services:

Surgeons at the Hollings Cancer Center (HCC) are among the few in the state who devote their practice entirely to general thoracic surgery.  The Center also handles more thoracic cancer cases than most institutions in the state, resulting in some of the nation’s best outcomes. HCC’s Thoracic Cancer program specializes in all aspects of diagnosis, surgery, treatment and management of mesothelioma and other cancers. HCC offers patients a number of clinical trials that treat tumors to the lungs, chest, and esophagus with unique, novel therapies. Click Here for more information

University of Alabama Hospital at Birmingham

1802 Sixth Avenue South
Birmingham, AL 35249
(205) 934-4011
http://www.health.uab.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The UAB Mesothelioma Clinic is a component of the UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, which provides complete care for mesothelioma patients, including diagnosis, treatment and supportive care services. The Clinic is committed to improving the outlook for mesothelioma patients through novel clinical trials and the education of patients about the disease. Click Here for more information

University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center 

22 S. Greene St.
Baltimore, MD 21201
800-888-8823
http://www.umgcc.org

Mesothelioma services:

The Thoracic Oncology Program at the University of Maryland Medical Center is one of the pioneering institutions nationally, using a finely tuned multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of malignant mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. With its multidisciplinary care program, patients have access to all of the team members in one visit. Treatment with medical, surgical and radiation oncologists is coordinated through one specialized nurse. Communication is maximized and patient stress and inconvenience is minimized. This "one-stop shopping" approach has been found to be the best way to tackle the complex care for this difficult disease. Click Here for more information

UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center 

University of North Carolina
101 Manning Drive
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
http://cancer.unc.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The Thoracic Oncology Program brings leading-edge multidisciplinary and compassionate care to patients with thoracic malignancies. Incorporating specialists from pulmonary medicine, surgery, medical and radiation oncology, thoracic radiology, pathology, and oncology nursing into a single patient care team, our team ensures that expertly developed care is individualized for each patient and delivered in a well-coordinated and caring manner. Click Here for more information

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

1211 22nd Avenue South
Nashville, TN 37232
(615) 322-5000
http://www.vanderbilt.edu

Mesothelioma services:

Vanderbilt’s Department of Thoracic Surgery is dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of tumors of the esophagus and chest. Its surgeons have over 50 years of collective experience in the management of esophageal cancer. The team consists of thoracic surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, residents, nurses, nurse practitioners, medical students, case managers, physical therapists and dieticians. A multidisciplinary approach considers every aspect of therapy. Click Here for more information

Midwest

Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute 

4100 John R
Detroit, MI 48201
313-745-8746
http://www.karmanos.org

Mesothelioma services:

The Institute's Multidisciplinary Thoracic Oncology Team diagnoses and treats cancers of the lung, thymus gland and esophagus as well as mesothelioma. The Institute’s thoracic oncology experts are national leaders in chest malignancies and recognized experts in the treatment of thoracic cancers among national cooperative groups. Click Here for more information

Mayo Clinic

200 S.W. First Street
Rochester, MN 55905
(507) 284-2511
http://www.mayoclinic.org

Mesothelioma services:

Mayo Clinic sees three to four new Mesothelioma cases every month. Physicians from all over the world refer patients with mesothelioma to Mayo Clinic. Mayo's strength lies in the ability to quickly assemble a team of experts from several areas, such as pulmonary medicine, thoracic surgery, oncology (cancer), radiation therapy and pathology who work with the patient to obtain a diagnosis and develop a treatment plan — usually within a few days. Click Here for more information

Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center

1030 W. Michigan St.
Indianapolis, IN  46202
(317) 278-4822
(888) 600-4822

Mesothelioma services:

The Thoracic Oncology Program of the IU Simon Cancer Center brings leading-edge care to men and women with cancers of the chest, including lung, esophagus, pleura, chest wall, and mediastinum. Its team is composed of specialists in thoracic surgery, radiation oncology, pulmonology, medical oncology, dietetics, psychology, and nursing who work together to develop individualized treatment plans for each patient. The Thoracic Oncology Program combines clinical and laboratory expertise. Promising scientific discoveries undergo rigorous testing in the laboratory and clinic and help lead to new and improved patient care options. Click Here for more information

Rush University Medical Center

1653 W. Congress Parkway
Chicago, IL 60612
(312) 942-5000
http://www.rush.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The Coleman Foundation Comprehensive Lung Cancer Clinic is a multidisciplinary group of highly trained physicians that provides comprehensive care for patients diagnosed with, or suspected to have, lung cancer and other malignancies of the chest, including Mesothelioma. The Clinic provides a full range of the latest diagnostic and most innovative treatment options, including minimally invasive surgery (VATS), groundbreaking targeted therapies, advanced chemotherapy approaches, the latest radiation treatments and a full range of surgical options for both early and advanced lung cancer. Click Here for more information

University of Chicago Medical Center

5841 South Maryland Avenue
Chicago, IL 60637
(773) 702-1000
http://www.uchospitals.edu

Mesothelioma services:

For more than 20 years, the University of Chicago has been a pioneer in the study and treatment of malignant mesothelioma. Its program is comprised of a dedicated team of medical oncologists, surgeons, nurses, pathologists, imaging specialists, and scientists who understand the unique characteristics of this disease. The Center’s comprehensive and multidisciplinary focus is a direct reflection of the hospital’s clinical interest in mesothelioma and its expertise in developing novel treatment protocols that extend lives. The testing and use of promising new approaches for Mesothelioma – such as chemotherapy, novel targeted agents, and surgery – is one of the Center’s highest priorities. Click Here for more information

University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers

1500 East Medical Center Drive
Ann Arbor, MI 48109
(734) 936-4000
http://www.med.umich.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The University of Michigan’s Multidisciplinary Lung Clinic offers patients the best possible comprehensive care, including state-of-the-art treatments and investigational therapies. A team of specialists from thoracic surgery, medical and radiation oncology, pulmonary medicine, radiology, nuclear medicine and pathology come together to evaluate patients with known or suspected lung tumors in a timely and coordinated manner. Click Here for more information

University of Minnesota Cancer Center 

425 E. River Pkwy. # 754
Minneapolis, MN 55455
612-624-5631
http://www.cancer.umn.edu

Mesothelioma services:

At the University of Minnesota, patients with cancer of the chest region (thorax) are treated at the Masonic Cancer Clinic and University of Minnesota Medical Center. Thoracic cancer patients often require complex therapeutic approaches that combine surgery, chemotherapy, radiation and, in many cases, novel therapies and procedures. The Thoracic Oncology Program applies its comprehensive, multidisciplinary team approach to caring for more than 1,000 of these patients each year. Click Here for more information

William Beaumont Hospital

3601 W. 13 Mile Rd.
Royal Oak, MI 48073
313-343-1000
https://www.beaumonthospitals.com/cancer

Mesothelioma services:

Surgeons in the hospital’s division of thoracic surgery offer state-of-the-art care for disorders of the airways, lungs, esophagus, diaphragm and chest wall. Beaumont thoracic surgeons represent an integral part of the multidisciplinary team including pulmonologists, medical and radiation oncologists, radiologists and nuclear medicine specialists dealing with the evaluation and treatment of tumors arising in the chest. Click Here for more information

Southwest

Arizona Cancer Center 

Mesothelioma Treatment Section
Linda Garland, MD
1515 N. Campbell Ave., PO Box 245024
Tucson, Arizona 85724
http://www.azcc.arizona.edu

Mesothelioma services:

The Arizona Cancer Center's Lung Cancer Team takes a comprehensive and individualized approach to patient care and offers a wide variety of services ranging from evaluation of abnormal radiographs to cancer prevention and diagnosis, treatment, research and supportive care. The team's efforts include the design of clinical trials that bring the most active new agents to patients, laboratory research on the biology of lung cancer, and the exploration of new strategies to prevent, diagnose and cure lung cancer. In addition, patients are offered minimally invasive thoracic surgery and radiation therapy with the latest state-of-the-art equipment. Click Here for more information

University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston

1515 Holcombe Boulevard
Houston, TX 77030
(713) 792-2121
http://www.mdanderson.org

Mesothelioma services:

M. D. Anderson's Thoracic Center is dedicated to improving outcomes for patients with all stages of lung and chest cancers. The Center’s surgeons, oncologists and radiation therapists collaborate to treat mesothelioma and cancers of the lung, esophagus, trachea, chest wall, pericardium and pulmonary system, which often require more than one type of treatment. M.D. Anderson constantly employs new and advanced technologies and treatment options. As with any cancer, ensuring the best treatment requires accurate diagnosis and staging. M. D. Anderson offers the latest diagnostic techniques available, such as positron emission tomography (PET), high resolution CT scanning, endobronchial and esophageal ultrasound and advanced bronchoscopic imaging. Click Here for more information

West

City of Hope

1500 East Duarte Road
Duarte, CA 91010
(626) 359-8111
http://www.cityofhope.org

Mesothelioma services:

City of Hope’s Division of Thoracic Surgery employs the latest and most effective surgical techniques in treating chest diseases such as lung and esophageal cancer, chest wall cancer, pleural cancers (including mesothelioma) and mediastinal tumors. Minimally invasive approaches are used whenever possible and may result in quicker recovery times and fewer surgical complications. Patients benefit from an integrated approach to managing conditions affecting the lungs and thoracic cavity: a coordinated effort between all members of the treatment team determines the need for post-surgery follow-up with radiation and/or chemotherapy to ensure the best possible outcomes. Click Here for more information

Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center

757 Westwood Plaza Los Angeles, CA 90095
310-825-9111
http://www.uclahealth.org

Mesothelioma services:

The UCLA Thoracic Oncology Program is designed to provide a comprehensive approach in the treatment of all types and stages of lung cancer. Patients referred to the Thoracic Oncology Program are evaluated by a multidisciplinary team composed of thoracic surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and pulmonologists working with research, nursing, and support staff. The Program’s mission is to provide the best patient care through promoting a multidisciplinary team approach, practicing evidence based medicine, providing cutting edge treatments, and making new discoveries in chest cancers. Click Here for more information

Stanford University Hospital, Cancer Center 

875 Blake Wilbur Drive
Stanford, CA 94305
877-668-7535
http://cancer.stanford.edu

Mesothelioma services:

Specialists at the Stanford Cancer Center not only treat mesothelioma, but also offer the most advanced diagnostic technologies and treatments available today. Stanford Cancer Center takes a multidisciplinary approach to mesothelioma through the Thoracic Oncology Program. Physicians from a variety of specialties are involved in patient evaluation, diagnosis, and therapy. The treatment team includes faculty physicians from surgical oncology, radiation oncology, radiology, pathology, medical oncology, and pulmonary medicine. The Multidisciplinary Thoracic Tumor Board meets weekly to evaluate newly diagnosed patients with a team approach. Click Here for more information

University of California, Davis, Cancer Center 

4501 X St.
Sacramento, CA 95817
916-734-5959
http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/cancer

Mesothelioma services:

The Thoracic Oncology Program at UC Davis Cancer Center is a national and international center of excellence for lung cancer therapy. It is the largest and most comprehensive program in Northern California, providing a wide array of clinical and research services, ranging from prevention strategies to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of other thoracic malignancies, such as mesothelioma, is available. The Center’s Thoracic Oncology specialists rank among the country's leading lung cancer researchers, designing and conducting clinical trials of promising investigational therapies that often become the recognized standards nationally and internationally. Clinical trials sponsored by the National Cancer Institute are available for almost every situation and stage of lung cancer. Click Here for more information

University of California, San Francisco Medical Center

500 Parnassus Avenue
San Francisco, CA 94143
(415) 476-1000
http://www.ucsfhealth.org

Mesothelioma services:

The Thoracic Oncology Clinic and Thoracic Surgery Program at the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at Mount Zion use many approaches for treatment — combining surgery, radiation and chemotherapy — for conditions, including esophageal cancer and mesothelioma. Click Here for more information

University of Colorado Cancer Center 

1665 N. Ursula St.
Aurora, CO 80045
303-315-8801
http://www.uccc.info

Mesothelioma services:

The University of Colorado Cancer Center Lung Cancer Team includes medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, thoracic surgeons, pathologists and others, all specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of lung and chest cancers, along related cancers such as malignant mesothelioma. Click Here for more information

 

Communicating with your doctor

When a doctor diagnoses you with malignant mesothelioma, what follows may be a very difficult and emotional time. But taking an active role in your health care can help you learn about your condition, make informed decisions about treatment, and ensure the best possible prognosis.

Below is a list of questions on mesothelioma that you may wish to ask your physician for taking treatment after you've been diagnosed with mesothelioma. You may also have your own mesothelioma questions to add to this list.

Mesothelioma Diagnosis Questions

  • What type of mesothelioma do I have?
  • What is the stage of my mesothelioma and what does that mean to me?
  • Has my mesothelioma spread beyond the primary site?
  • What specific lab tests were completed during my diagnosis, and what do they show?
  • Do I need any additional lab tests or diagnostic studies?

Mesothelioma Treatment Questions

  • What treatment options do I have?
  • Will treatment cure my mesothelioma? If not, how will it help me?
  • What mesothelioma treatments do you recommend and why?
  • Where will I go for treatment?
  • Do I have a choice about whether or not to accept certain forms of treatment?
  • What are the risks of the treatments you suggest? Do the benefits outweigh these risks?
  • What kinds of side effects can I expect from my mesothelioma treatment? How will it affect my daily life?
  • What are the chances my cancer will come back with these treatment plans?
  • What can I do to prepare for mesothelioma treatment?
  • How will we know if the mesothelioma treatment is working?
  • Will my health insurance cover the cost of treatment?
  • Should I consider participating in a clinical trial for mesothelioma treatment?
  • What is my prognosis, based on what you know about my cancer so far?

Mesothelioma Treatment Facility

  • Will I be able to care for myself during treatment for my malignant mesothelioma?
  • Will I have to stay in the hospital or cancer facility while I am being treated, or will my family be able to take care of me?
  • Can I continue working at my job with mesothelioma?
  • Will I be able to resume my normal activities with mesothelioma such as exercise or hobbies?

Importance of seeing a Mesothelioma specialist

Mesothelioma Care: No Place to Cut Corners

Mesothelioma is a rare disease that’s difficult to diagnose and treat. But when you hear the diagnosis for the first time, your own health and welfare may not be your biggest worry. Even before the shock wears off, your thoughts may turn to the financial impact mesothelioma will have on your family.  In fact, you may put the financial welfare of your family before your own medical needs.

One of the ways you might try to ease the financial burden is going to a family physician for medical care—instead of seeking the expertise of a specialist at a dedicated mesothelioma- or cancer-treatment facility.

The Importance of Seeing a Specialist

It may be true that seeing your family doctor eliminates the extra costs of specialized medical treatment, travel, and related expenses. However, when it comes to a serious illness like mesothelioma, medical treatment is not the place to cut corners. If you have (or suspect you may have) mesothelioma, you may be able to enjoy a longer life or better quality of life by seeking the care of a specialist as soon as possible.

Following are three important advantages a specialist can offer you and others who suffer from mesothelioma.  

1.    Earlier Diagnosis

Because mesothelioma is a rare disease (only about 3,000 new cases are diagnosed in the U.S. each year), primary care physicians may be unfamiliar with current diagnostic methods, which can result in a delayed diagnosis. As with any form of cancer, earlier detection of mesothelioma results in a better prognosis, while a delay in diagnosing the problem can have disastrous results.

In a recent Cancer Newsline podcast interview, Dr. Anne Tsao, assistant professor of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, described how a doctor who finds a bit of fluid in a patient’s lung might prescribe antibiotics, only to discover a large tumor surrounding the patient’s lung months later. By then, it is often too late to surgically remove the tumor.  

2.    Greater Experience and Expertise

A specialist is a physician who has undergone extensive training in a specialty area, such as cancer treatment. Doctors who have met the requirements to be specialists are certified by specialty boards after passing an examination, which is administered by the board. Some specialists go even further, taking an additional year of training in a subspecialty, such as treatment of cancers of the lung.

General practitioners, family practice physicians, and primary care doctors are the foundation of good health care, and as a result, they must keep abreast of the latest research and treatments for a variety of common diseases.  This leaves little time to devote to studying a rare disorder like mesothelioma. A mesothelioma specialist, on the other hand, treats nothing but mesothelioma, and therefore tends to be tuned in to the latest medications and treatments that benefit patients with mesothelioma.

3. Affiliations with Large Research Centers and Medical Facilities

Mesothelioma is a complex disease, and treatment may require the expertise of several specialists, such as a medical oncologist, a radiation oncologist, and a thoracic surgeon.

No matter what course of treatment is indicated for a specific case of mesothelioma, a specialist who is backed by the resources of a large research center or medical facility can refer you to appropriate subspecialties as necessary. They also have the ability to take advantage of state-of-the-art equipment and facilities that might not be available in a local hospital or clinic.  Specialists who are affiliated with research institutions or medical centers may also have access to clinical studies of promising new treatments that offer hope for you and other mesothelioma victims.

Without specialized treatment, the median survival rate for a patient with mesothelioma is roughly nine months, according to Dr. Tsao. She encourages patients to find a doctor at a major cancer center, take part in clinical studies, and seek compensation from an employer or other known source of asbestos exposure to help cover the costs of treatment.

 

Mesothelioma doctors & healthcare professionals

If you've been diagnosed with mesothelioma and your regular doctor does not have experience handling mesothelioma cases, he or she will probably refer you to another doctor or group of doctors who specialize in treating this disease.  Below is a brief guide to the different types of healthcare professionals and other providers you may encounter during your mesothelioma diagnosis and treatment.

General Practitioner

Your general practitioner, or "family doctor", is the doctor you see for your regular medical care and check-ups. If your general practitioner suspects mesothelioma or other serious condition during a routine visit, he or she will most likely refer you to a specialist.

Oncologist

An oncologist is a physician who has special training in diagnosing and treating mesothelioma and other forms of cancer. He or she is often the primary care provider for those with mesothelioma and may coordinate treatment with other specialists. An oncologist is also called a medical oncologist.

Pathologist

A pathologist is a type of doctor who identifies diseases such as cancer by examining cells and tissues. Although you probably won't have personal contact with a pathologist, he or she will be responsible for submitting a pathology report following your diagnostic procedures.

Radiation Oncologist (Radiologist)

A radiation oncologist is a physician who specializes in using radiation to treat malignant mesothelioma (pleural or peritoneal) or other cancers. If you receive radiation therapy as part of your treatment course, it is likely you will cross paths with a radiation oncologist.

Surgeon

A surgeon is a type of doctor specially trained in surgical procedures to remove or repair parts of the body. If you undergo any form of surgery as part of your mesothelioma treatment, a surgeon will perform your procedure.

Psychiatrist

A psychiatrist is a physician who has special training in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. If you are experiencing depression or anxiety during your mesothelioma treatment, a psychiatrist may provide medication such as antidepressants or sleep aids to help you better cope.

Respiratory Therapist

If you have pleural mesothelioma (a type of mesothelioma affecting the chest cavity), you may be referred to a respiratory therapist for help in easing your symptoms. A respiratory therapist is a health professional who is trained in the rehabilitation of those with lung disorders and related breathing problems.

Social Worker

Although not a mesothelioma doctor, a professional social worker can help with many aspects of your mesothelioma diagnosis and treatment. In addition to individual and family counseling, he or she can offer guidance in helping you better understand your diagnosis, finding a support group, or arranging home care.

No phase specified

Research Study of Collection of Gynecological Tumor Specimens

No Phase Specified

Location:

Multiple Locations

Trial Summary:

Objectives:

  1. Collect gynecological tumor specimens and blood from patients at GOG institutions.
  2. Provide a repository for long-term storage of these specimens.

Contact Information:

Please see additional information.

For Additional Information, Click Here

Prospective Study of Epigenetic Alterations in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Esophageal Cancer, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma, Mediastinal or Chest Wall Neoplasms, or Pulmonary Metastases from Cancers of Non-Thoracic Origin

No Phase Specified

Location:

Bethesda, MD: NCI - Center for Cancer Research

Trial Summary:

Objectives:

  1. Evaluate patients referred to the Thoracic Oncology Section of the Surgery Branch, NCI in order to identify patients who are suitable candidates for clinical research protocols.
  2. Obtain biopsies during staging studies of tumor and adjacent normal tissues as well as serum and urine samples from patients with primary aerodigestive tract malignancies to support preclinical research endeavors in the Thoracic Oncology Section.
  3. Permit standard treatment for patients who are not eligible for investigational therapy on a current Thoracic Oncology protocol, but who present a novel and unique clinical training opportunity, or who manifest a clinical condition that requires immediate intervention to prevent compromise to the patient's well-being.
  4. Permit long-term follow up of patients with thoracic malignancies, including the collection of tissue and fluids to support preclinical research, particularly to ascertain if gene expression and DNA methylation profiles coincide with response to therapy.

Contact Information:

David Schrump, MD, Protocol chair

Ph: 301-496-2127

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

 

For Additional Information, Click Here

Multiple Biomarkers in Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion

No Phase Specified

Location:

Malvern, PA: Fujirebio Diagnostics, Incorporated

Trial Summary:

The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the ability of various biomarkers measured in serum and/or pleural fluids to estimate the risk of finding cancer in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusions. An algorithm for prediction of the risk of finding cancer in the patient using an optimal combination of markers will be developed, and patients will be categorized as having a low, moderate, or high risk of finding cancer that might be used to more effectively triage patients.

Contact Information:

Elizabeth B Somers, BS

Ph: 610-240-3812

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Craig Miller, BS

Ph: 610-240-3828

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Study of Early Detection of Mesothelioma Biomarkers in Patients With Asbestos and Vermiculite Exposure

No Phase Specified

Location:

Detriot, MI: Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute

 

Trial Summary:

Objectives:

  1. Identify patients with known asbestos exposure at early stages of disease development (i.e., indolent premalignant pleural plaques and fibrosis vs malignant pleural mesothelioma).
  2. Determine the expression levels of tumor-associated proteins in these patients.
  3. Analyze samples of serum and pleural effusions obtained from these patients.
  4. Determine the proteomic profile of samples obtained from these patients.
  5. Determine the molecular mechanisms associated with the regulation of the extracellular matrix microenvironment proteins (e.g., osteonectin, intelectin, or matrix metalloproteins) involved in disease onset and progression.

Contact Information:

Anil Wali, PhD, Protocol chair

Ph: 313-576-8302; 800-527-6266

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Validation of a Novel Thoracic Neoplasm Radiotherapy Image Guidance Technique: A Pilot Study 

No Phase Specified

Location:

Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

The overall, broad objective of this study is to pilot the BSD technique. The specific purpose of this particular study is to generate pilot data to validate several crucial steps of the BSD technique, in particular steps 1, 2, and 4. Radiation treatments will proceed per standard of care, and will not be modified in any way during this protocol. This study is a non-treatment protocol.

Contact Information:

Cancer Connect

Ph: 608-622-8922

For Additional Information, Click Here

 

 

Improving Functional Outcomes in Patients With Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis: Assessment of Adaptation Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

No Phase Specified

Location:

New York, New York: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

The purpose of this study is to see how the brain re-learns to control the larynx in speaking and swallowing when undergoing surgical rehabilitation in the form of either thyroplasty or vocal fold augmentation for unilateral vocal cord paralysis. What is needed is information on how the brain re-learns to control speaking and swallowing so that we can eventually learn how to help patients re-learn faster after their procedure. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (or fMRI) will allow us to image your brain as you speak and swallow. We will produce "brain maps" for speaking, swallowing and hand movements.

Contact Information:

Dennis Kraus, MD

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

 

Ryan Branski, PhD

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Investigating the Improvement in 4D CT Images Using AV Biofeedback

No Phase Specified

Location:

Baltimore, MD: Greenebaum Cancer Center at University of Maryland Medical Center

Trial Summary:

This study will look at how tumors in the chest and abdomen move when you breathe. Your doctors are studying if extra 4D CT scans and instructions on how to breathe can help predict this type of movement and improve the accuracy of radiation treatment. 4D CT scans are approved by the FDA. A 4D CT scan is different from a regular CT because it moves slower and takes more pictures. It takes pictures of the way your body moves when you breathe. This gives doctors more pictures of your body so that they can match your pictures to the way you breathe. In this study, instructions on how to breathe will be visual and audio. Visual instructions will be given to you on a computer screen. You will hear audio instructions through a speaker.

Contact Information:

Rohini George, PhD

Ph: (410) 328-3658

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Ritesh S Kataria, MS

Ph: 410-328-8018

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase III

Phase III Randomized Study of Fentanyl Sublingual Spray for Breakthrough Cancer Pain in Patients Who are Opioid Tolerant

Phase III

Location:

The Woodlands, TX:  InSys Therapeutics, Incorporated

Trial Summary:

Primary Objective:

  1. Determine the efficacy and safety of fentanyl sublingual (SL) spray for the treatment of breakthrough cancer pain in patients on around-the-clock opioids for their persistent cancer pain.

Secondary Objectives:

  1. Evaluate the safety of fentanyl SL spray in these opioid-tolerant patients.
  2. Assess the patient’s satisfaction with treatment medication.

Contact Information:

Ramesh Acharya, MD, Protocol chair

Ph: 602-910-2617

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase II

Vorinostat (MK0683, SAHA) Versus Placebo in Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Phase II, Phase III

Location:

Pittsburg, PA: Merck and Company, Incorporated

Trial Summary:

This is a Phase III a study which incorporates an initial Phase II component to determine the safety, tolerability, and anti-tumor effectiveness of an oral investigational drug suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, in the treatment of advanced malignant pleural Mesothelioma.

Contact Information:

Ph: 1-888-577-8839

For Additional Information, Click Here

Pleurectomy/Decortication With Intraoperative Intrathoracic/Intraperitoneal Heated Cisplatin With Sodium Thiosulfate

Phase II

Location:

Boston, MA: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

The purposes of this study are: to determine the feasibility of administering adjuvant cisplatin plus ALIMTA to patients who undergo surgery with heated cisplatin during surgery; to determine the effects (good and bad) of this combined modality approach in patients with mesothelioma; to evaluate cisplatin effects by determining where it goes and how it is excreted in the body from the collection of tissues and cisplatin samples; to collect and analyze discarded samples of mesothelioma tumor during surgery to help determine the genetic make-up of the disease.

Contact Information:

David Sugarbaker, M.D.

Ph: 617-732-5004

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

 

Phase II Study of AZD2171 in Patients With Malignant Pleural, Peritoneal, or Tunica Vaginalis Mesothelioma That is Not Amenable to Curative Surgery

Phase II

Location:

Multiple Locations

Trial Summary:

Primary Objective:

  1. Determine the objective response rate in patients with malignant pleural, peritoneal, or tunica vaginalis mesothelioma that is not amenable to curative surgery who are treated with AZD2171.

Secondary Objectives:

  1. Determine the progression-free survival of patients treated with AZD2171.
  2. Determine the toxicity experienced by patients treated with AZD2171.
  3. Determine median and overall survival of patients treated with AZD2171.

Contact Information:

Please see additional information

For Additional Information, Click Here

Cisplatin, Pemetrexed and Bevacizumab for Untreated Malignant Mesothelioma 

Phase II

Location:

Dallas, TX: Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center – Dallas

Trial Summary:

To estimate the time to progression of cancer in patients with previously untreated mesothelioma receiving cisplatin, pemetrexed and bevacizumab

Contact Information:

Jonathan E Dowell, MD

Ph: 214-648-4180

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Erin Fenske

Ph: 214-648-7097

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase II Study of Dasatinib in Patients With Previously Treated Malignant Mesothelioma

Phase II

Location:

Multiple Locations

Trial Summary:

The primary objective is to determine the rate of progression-free survival (PFS) at 24 weeks (or 5.5 months) in patients with malignant mesothelioma treated with dasatinib.

Contact Information:

Please see additional information

For Additional Information, Click Here

An Efficacy Study of Milataxel (TL139) Administered Orally for Malignant Mesothelioma

Phase II

Location:

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Cancer Research Center

New York, NY: NYU Cancer Institute at New York University Medical Center

 

Trial Summary:

Milataxel is a new taxane that may have several advantages over the currently available taxanes. The current study is designed to determine the response rate of oral Milataxel in patients with malignant Mesothelioma. The study specifically targets patients who have recurring or progressive disease following previous chemotherapy.

Contact Information:

University of Chicago Cancer Research Center:

Sarah Mauro

Ph: 773-834-3263

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

NYU Cancer Institute at New York University Medical Center:

Harvey Pass, M.D.

Ph: 212-731-5414

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Study Using Chemotherapy Followed by Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy to the Pleura in Patients With Locally Advanced But Unresectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma 

Phase II

Location:

New York, NY: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

For patients with this type of cancer, the standard of care is treatment with chemotherapy. Radiation therapy is typically not used. This is because radiation to the entire lining of the lung has many side effects that are often severe including damage to the lung (pneumonitis). There is a new radiation technique using Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) that has been shown to reduce many of the side effects of standard radiation therapy. This type of radiation therapy specifically targets the lining of the lung, where you have your cancer, and reduces the risk of damaging the lung itself. The purpose of this study is to test the safety and toxicity of standard chemotherapy followed by IMRT.

Contact Information:

Kenneth Rosenzweig, MD

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Lee Krug, MD

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

An Efficacy Study of MORAb-009 in Subjects With Pleural Mesothelioma

Phase II

Location:

Multiple Locations

 

 

Trial Summary:

This research is being done to find out if pemetrexed and cisplatin work better when given together with an experimental drug called MORAb-009 in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Contact Information:

Please see additional information

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase II Study of Everolimus in Patients With Unresectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Phase II

Location:

Multiple Locations

Trial Summary:

Primary Objective:

  1. To determine the 4-month progression-free survival in patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma treated with everolimus.

Secondary Objectives:

  1. To determine the response rate (confirmed and unconfirmed, complete and partial responses) and disease control rate (response or stable disease) in patients with measurable disease by RECIST and modified RECIST criteria.
  2. To determine overall survival of these patients.
  3. To evaluate the frequency and severity of toxicities associated with this treatment regimen.

Contact Information:

Please see additional information

For Additional Information, Click Here

Eloxatin® Plus Gemcitabine Chemotherapy for Mesothelioma 

Phase II

Location:

New York, NY: Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University Medical Center

Trial Summary:

Oxaliplatin (ELOXATIN®) is an organoplatinum complex which exerts its cytotoxic effect chiefly through inhibition of tumoral DNA synthesis and repair, leading to cellular apoptosis. The antiproliferative activity of oxaliplatin has been shown to approximate that of cisplatin or carboplatin in different tumor types. This is a phase II clinical trial of Oxaliplatin (ELOXATIN®) plus gemcitabine as first or secondline chemotherapy for patients with malignant pleural or peritoneal mesothelioma. This study aims to determine the objective tumor response rate for Oxaliplatin plus gemcitabine given every 14 days in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma and/or malignant peritoneal mesothelioma who have no more than one prior chemotherapy regimen.

Contact Information:

Lilian Batista

Ph: 212-305-6837

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Evelyn Reyes

Ph: 212-305-3846

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Trimodal Lung-Sparing Treatment of Pleural Mesothelioma

Phase II

Location:

New York, NY: Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University Medical Center

Trial Summary:

The primary objective of the study is to determine the overall 1 year survival rate of the two combined arms. Current surgical and/or chemotherapeutic approaches for malignant pleural mesothelioma are unsatisfactory and have not been shown to significantly prolong survival, and often lead to worsened pulmonary function and quality of life. A prospective trial of trimodal (surgery, pleural chemotherapy, and pleural radiation) therapy will be investigated to see if it can improve the overall 1 year survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Contact Information:

Lilian Batista

Ph: 212-305-6837

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Evelyn Reyes

Ph: 212-305-3846

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I

Carboplatin, Bevacizumab and Pemetrexed in the First-Line Treatment of Patients With MPM

Phase I, Phase II

Location:

Tampa, FL: H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute at University of South Florida

Trial Summary:

The purpose of this research study is to evaluate how effective the combination of Carboplatin, Bevacizumab (Avastin™) and, Pemetrexed (Alimta™) is in the treatment of patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM). A combination of cisplatin and pemetrexed is considered standard for this disease and typically off protocol patients would receive cisplatin or carboplatin and pemetrexed as standard of care.

Contact Information:

Melissa Joiner, R.N. Ph: 813-745-1896 

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Study of CBP501 + Pemetrexed + Cisplatin in Patients With Solid Tumors (Phase I) and Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (Phase II)

Phase I, Phase II

Location:

Multiple Locations

Trial Summary:

The phase I part of the study is a dose-finding study of escalating doses of CBP501 combined with full-dose cisplatin and pemetrexed in patients with histologically confirmed solid malignancy that is metastatic or unresectable and for which standard curative or palliative measures do not exist or are no longer effective or would otherwise be eligible for cisplatin and pemetrexed as first-line therapy. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) will be determined based on DLTs occurring during the first treatment cycle. Pharmacokinetics of the triplet combination will be assessed during the phase I part of the trial. The phase II part will evaluate full-dose cisplatin and pemetrexed combined with CBP501 (at the MTD determined in the phase I part) in previously untreated, unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma patients. Patients will be randomized in a 2 : 1 ratio to pemetrexed, cisplatin and CBP501 (Arm A) or to pemetrexed and cisplatin (Arm B); randomization will be stratified according to histology and performance status.

Contact Information:

Please see additional information.

For Additional Information, Click Here

Multiple Respiration-Correlated Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CT) Scans to Reduce Target Positioning Errors in Radiotherapy Treatment of Thoracic Cancer 

Phase I, Phase II

Location:

New York, New York: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center 

Trial Summary:

The purpose of this study is to use cone-beam CT scans to more accurately position the tumor during radiation and to see whether this method is more effective than the standard method of using 2D images (portal images), which is a type of X-ray. Cone-beam CT is a type of CT scanner attached to the treatment accelerator that produces 3D images of the patient.

Contact Information:

Kenneth Rosenzweig, MD

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Gikas Mageras, PhD

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

 

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Study of Gene Induction Mediated by Sequential Decitabine/Depsipeptide Infusion in Subjects with Pulmonary and Pleural Malignancies

Phase I

Location:

Bethesda, MD: NCI - Center for Cancer Research

Trial Summary:

  1. Determine the pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and maximum tolerated dose of decitabine and FR901228 (depsipeptide) in patients with unresectable pulmonary, esophageal, or pleural malignancies.
  2. Determine serologic response to NY-ESO-1 in these patients before and after receiving this regimen.
  3. Evaluate apoptosis in tumor biopsies of these patients before and after receiving this regimen.

Contact Information:

Tricia Kunst, RN

Ph: 

301-451-1233

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Study of FR901228 (Depsipeptide) and Flavopiridol in Patients With Advanced Primary Lung or Esophageal Cancer, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma, or Lung or Pleural Metastases 

Phase I

Location:

Bethesda, MD: NCI - Center for Cancer Research

Trial Summary:

  1. Determine the maximum tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxic effects of FR901228 (depsipeptide) when administered with flavopiridol in patients with advanced primary lung or esophageal cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, or lung or pleural metastases.
  2. Determine the pharmacokinetics of this regimen in these patients.

Contact Information:

Tricia Kunst, RN

Ph: 

301-451-1233

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Gene Therapy for Pleural Malignancies

Phase I

Location:

Philadelphia, PA: Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania

Trial Summary:

This Phase I study will evaluate the safety of two doses of BG00001. Eligible subjects will have malignant pleural mesothelioma, or pleural effusions who have progressed through at least one prior therapy or have refused therapy.

Contact Information:

Adri Recio, RN

Ph: 215-573-6760

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

 

Cisplatin, Pemetrexed, and Imatinib Mesylate in Malignant Mesothelioma

Phase I

Location:

Houston, TX: M. D. Anderson Cancer Center at University of Texas

Trial Summary:

The primary objective of this trial is to determine the maximum tolerated dose of the combination of cisplatin, imatinib mesylate, and pemetrexed in metastatic malignant mesothelioma.

Contact Information:

Anne S. Tsao, MDPh: 713-792-6363

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Study Using Sunitinib Plus Radiation Therapy for Cancer Patients

Phase I

Location:

Philadelphia, PA: Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University – Philadelphia

Trial Summary:

This study is using the combination of radiation and antiangiogenic agents (agents that destroy existing blood vessels) seems to be an approach to tumor cure. The combination of ionizing radiation and antiangiogenic agents seems to be a counterintuitive approach to tumor cure because oxygen is a potent radiosensitizer and a reduction in oxygen concentration would be expected following a reduction in tumor vasculature after antiangiogenic treatment.

Contact Information:

Adam P Dicker, Md, PhD

Ph: 215-955-6527

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Oxaliplatin and Paclitaxel Plus Bevacizumab in Advanced Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Phase I

Location:

Houston, TX: M. D. Anderson Cancer Center at University of Texas

Trial Summary:

The primary objective of this trial is to establish acceptable dosages of paclitaxel, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab in a regimen of intravenous bevacizumab followed by continuous intravenous infusion of paclitaxel on day 1, intraperitoneal oxaliplatin on day 2, and intraperitoneal paclitaxel on day 8 once every 3 weeks in patients with advanced peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Contact Information:

Apostolia Tsimberidou, MD, PhD

Ph: 713-792-4259

For Additional Information, Click Here

A Study To Find The Best Dose Of SU011248 When Given With Pemetrexed, Pemetrexed And Cisplatin Or Pemetrexed And Carboplatin In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

Phase I

Location:

Aurora, CO: Pfizer Incorporated

Trial Summary:

This study will assess the maximum tolerated dose, overall safety and antitumor activity of SU011248 in combination with pemetrexed, pemetrexed and cisplatin or pemetrexed and carboplatin in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Contact Information:

Pfizer Oncology Clinical Trial Information Service

Ph: 1-877-369-9753

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Study of SS1(dsFv)-PE38 Immunotoxin in Combination With Pemetrexed Disodium and Cisplatin in Patients With Unresectable Malignant Epithelial Pleural Mesothelioma

Phase I

Location:

Bethesda, MD: NCI - Center for Cancer Research

Trial Summary:

Primary Objectives:

  1. To estimate the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of SS1(dsFv)-PE38 immunotoxin when administered with pemetrexed disodium and cisplatin and to establish a safe dose, based on the MTD for subsequent clinical testing (phase II recommended dose) in patients with unresectable malignant epithelial pleural mesothelioma.
  2. To characterize the toxicity profile of SS1(dsFv)-PE38 immunotoxin.
  3. To study the clinical pharmacology (i.e., pharmacokinetics) which may dictate modification of SS1(dsFv)-PE38 immunotoxin schedule and administration in future studies.
  4. To observe antitumor activity, if any, especially in patients who receive SS1(dsFv)-PE38 immunotoxin at or near the MTD (or phase II recommended dose).

Contact Information:

Raffit Hassan, MD, Principal investigator

Ph: 301-451-8742

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Dose-Escalation Study Of Azacitidine In Combination With Temozolomide 

Phase I

Location:

New York, NY: Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University Medical Center

Trial Summary:

The purpose of this study is to determine safety and toxicity for the combination of Temozolomide and Azacitidine in the treatment of Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma or Malignant Mesothelioma. This is a single-center, open-label, single-arm Phase I dose-escalation trial. Patients will be evaluated with complete history and physical as well as laboratory studies (complete blood count, metabolic panel, liver function tests), biopsy, and imaging of all sites of measurable disease. This study will be conducted over the course of 3 years.

Contact Information:

Lilian Batista, BS

Ph: 212-305-6837

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Pamela Pujols, BS

Ph: 212-305-1923

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Study of Sorafenib Tosylate, Pemetrexed Disodium, and Cisplatin in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

Phase I

Location:

Minneapolis, MN: Masonic Cancer Center at University of Minnesota

Trial Summary:

Primary Objectives:

  1. To determine the maximum tolerated dose of sorafenib tosylate when given in combination with pemetrexed disodium and cisplatin in patients with advanced non-squamous cell solid tumor malignancy including, but not limited to, breast, lung, colon, pancreatic, prostate, or head and neck cancer or sarcoma.

Contact Information:

Clinical Trials Office - Masonic Cancer Center at University of Minnesota

Ph: 612-624-2620

For Additional Information, Click Here

Extrapleural Pneumonectomy /Pleurectomy Decortication, IHOC Cisplatin and Gemcitabine With Amifostine and Sodium Thiosulfate Cytoprotection for Resectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma 

Phase I

Location:

Boston, MA: Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

This is a Phase I trial to study the efficacy of combination chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine and cisplatin administered in the operating room and put into the chest and abdomen for one hour. We are also looking at the effects of heating the chemotherapy to a temperature of 42 degrees Celsius and the effect of cytoprotection agents: amifostine and sodium thiosulfate to counteract potential side effects of chemotherapy.

Contact Information:

David Sugarbaker, M.D.

Ph: 617-732-5004

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

Tamara Tilleman, M.D, PhD

Ph: 617-732-5079

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Dasatinib in Resectable Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Phase I

Location:

Houston, TX: M. D. Anderson Cancer Center at University of Texas

Trial Summary:

The primary objective of this novel phase I trial will be the level of biomarker modulation of p-Src Tyr 419 by induction dasatinib therapy in patients with resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. Secondary objectives include overall and progression-free survival, tumor radiographic and pathologic response, and safety-toxicity profiles. Exploratory analyses will include additional biomarker evaluation in pre- and post-treatment tumor specimens, and serum/platelet/pleural effusion biomarker modulation.

Contact Information:

Anne S. Tsao, MD

Ph: 713-792-6363

For Additional Information, Click Here

Phase I Study of Optical Coherence Tomography of the Airway of Patients Undergoing Pneumonectomy or Lobectomy for Malignant or Benign Lung Processes

Phase I

Location:

Cleveland, OH: Case Comprehensive Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

Objectives:

  1. Correlate optical coherence tomography images of the airway with airway histology.
  2. Develop an imaging technique to detect premalignant airway epithelial changes (carcinoma in situ, dysplasia) to study the transformation process as well as intervene and prevent the development of lung cancer.

Contact Information:

Jeffrey Kern, MD, Principal investigator

Ph: 216-844-8101; 800-641-2422

For Additional Information, Click Here

 

Phase I Study of 1-methyl-d-tryptophan in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors

Phase I

Location:

Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center

Trial Summary:

Primary Objectives:

  1. Establish the toxicities of 1-methyl-d-tryptophan (D-1MT) and define any dose-limiting toxicities if they occur below the maximum doses in patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors.
  2. Establish the pharmacokinetics of D-1MT following a single dose and following daily dosing for 7 or 21 days.
  3. Preliminarily characterize effects of D-1MT on serum kynurenine levels as a biomarker for systemic indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity.
  4. Define a dose to incorporate into phase II testing based on toxicities, pharmacokinetics, and biologic changes in tryptophan breakdown products.

Contact Information:

Jeffrey Sosman, MD, Principal investigator

Ph: 615-322-4967; 800-811-8480

Email: .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address)

For Additional Information, Click Here

Current mesothelioma clinical trials

Currently, there are over 40 separate mesothelioma clinical trials being conducted throughout the U.S. and Canada. These clinical trials focus on a variety of different treatments and therapies ranging from experimental chemotherapy to innovative new drug treatments.

Knowing which clinical trial is right for you is a very important decision and consists of various factors - such as the location of the trial, what phase the trial is in and what the trial is actually testing. Before a final decision is made to participate in any clinical trial, it is advised that you contact a mesothelioma doctor beforehand.

Below you will find the current ongoing mesothelioma clinical trials being conducted in the U.S and Canada. Each clinical trial listed provides the location(s) of the trial, contact information, a trial summary, and links to provide you with additional information.

For definitions and more information on what is being tested in each trial phase, please visit our Mesothelioma Clinical Trial Phases page

Phases of mesothelioma clinical trials

Mesothelioma clinical trials are typically conducted in a series of steps, or phases. Each mesothelioma clinical trial phase answers specific questions about the mesothelioma cancer treatment being studied.

Investigational New Drug Application (IND)

If the purpose of a mesothelioma clinical trial is to study the effects of a new drug, researchers must first create a plan of action or protocol. An IND is an application that is presented to the FDA, containing vital information about the treatment as well as lab and animal test data. If the IND is approved by the FDA, mesothelioma clinical trials phases are allowed to begin.

Phase I                           

In the first mesothelioma clinical trial phase, researchers determine the best way to administer the mesothelioma drug in humans. Questions to ask during this phase are, "What is the proper dose? Frequency? Should the treatment be taken by mouth or injection?" Researchers also watch for any harmful side effects that occur. Since little is known about the treatment at this stage, Phase I studies usually involve small groups of patients.

Phase II

In Phase II, researchers study the safety and effectiveness of a mesothelioma medication or treatment, and evaluate its effect on the human body. For example, researchers may ask, "Does this treatment shrink a tumor or effectively destroy the mesothelioma cancer cells?" Because of the potential risks involved, the studies of this clinical trial phase usually include fewer than 100 patients.

Phase III

In this phase, researchers compare a new mesothelioma medication or treatment with the current standard therapy. They may ask, "Which treatment has better survival rates? Which has fewer side effects?" Computers randomly assign participants to groups, with each group receiving either the current standard therapy, the trial therapy or, in some cases, a placebo. This phase often involve hundreds of patients in various locations across the country.

Phase IV

In Phase IV, researchers continue to explore and evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of a new mesothelioma treatment, typically after the treatment has been approved for standard use. Phase IV studies, also known as postmarketing surveillance studies, usually involve hundreds or even thousands of patients.

FDA Approval

Typically, once Phases I and II are successfully carried out, the sponsor of a mesothelioma clinical trial submits a New Drug Application (NDA) with the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA). The application requests permission to begin Phase III trials with the expectation that the drug will show sufficient benefits to warrant approval for public use.

Every product that is proposed for mesothelioma treatment must be reviewed by a committee of leading oncologists from around the country. To be approved by the FDA, a mesothelioma cancer treatment must be shown to provide valuable benefits in both safety and effectiveness compared to standard treatment methods. Once a product is approved for a particular disease, it may be used freely by physicians, but only in the treatment of that condition.

Mesothelioma clinical trial FAQs

Every day, researchers are working to find new and improved treatments for mesothelioma through clinical trials. If you've been diagnosed with mesothelioma, you may be considering whether participating in one of these studies is right for you. The questions and answers below provide some basic information to help you decide.

What is a mesothelioma clinical trial?

A clinical trial is a controlled medical research study. Before any new treatment can be recommended or approved for general use, researchers must determine its safety and effectiveness. Studies may focus on new drugs, surgical or radiation techniques, vaccines, or biological therapies, either alone or combination with other treatments. In the case of trial drugs, tests are conducted on human patients only after promising results in the laboratory and in animal testing. Learn more about the different phases of mesothelioma clinical trial.

Who is eligible to participate in a clinical trial?

Each mesothelioma clinical trial has its own criteria for eligibility. Factors used to determine eligibility may include the patient's age, current and past treatments, stage of disease, and other personal or disease-related characteristics.

Must I change doctors if I join a mesothelioma clinical trial?

No. You can continue working with your current healthcare team throughout the trial.

How can I benefit by participating in a clinical trial?

When you participate in a mesothelioma clinical trial, you can be proud, knowing you're helping countless other current and future patients who have mesothelioma. Here are some additional ways you may benefit:

  • You'll receive new mesothelioma treatments before they become available to the general public. These may be more effective than the current standard treatment.
  • Throughout the study, doctors and nurses will closely monitor you and watch very carefully for any side effects or changes in your condition.
  • You may be able to receive part of your treatment free of charge.

What are the risks of participating in a mesothelioma clinical trial?

Although many precautions are taken to ensure the safety of clinical trial participants, there is always risk involved. Before you enter a trial, your healthcare provider will talk with you in detail about the risks and benefits of the treatment. You will then be asked to sign an Informed Consent form to verify that you have received this information.

Clinical trials offer one more treatment option for patients with mesothelioma. However, it's important to remember that no one treatment works for everyone.

If you participate in a Phase III study, you may not be assigned to the group receiving the new treatment. When the most effective treatment has been determined, however, you'll be switched to it immediately.

In the end, most people find that the potential benefits of a mesothelioma clinical trial generally outweigh the risks.

Mesothelioma clinical trials

Mesothelioma clinical trials are medical research studies used to test new mesothelioma treatments to see how they affect people. Some mesothelioma patients participate in clinical trials as part of their treatment.

Before deciding whether to participate in a mesothelioma clinical trial, you may want to find out what is involved in the trial and discuss the option with your doctors and family members. Some questions you might want to ask your doctor about clinical trials include:

  • What treatments will be used?
  • How are these treatments different from standard treatments?
  • What are the possible side effects from these treatments?
  • Where will I receive treatments?
  • How much will the treatments cost me?

Getting answers to these questions may help you decide whether a mesothelioma clinical trial is right for you and help ease your fears. Remember that participating is your choice. Your doctor will never enroll you in a clinical trial without your written permission.

Treatments used in mesothelioma clinical trials may have real benefits, but the study may find that the treatments used are not better than standard mesothelioma treatments. The information doctors learn from clinical trials contributes to the knowledge of and progress against cancer.

For more information on Mesothelioma Clinical Trials, please visit the following pages:

Alternative treatments

In addition to traditional medical treatments, there are some mesothelioma alternative treatments. The National Cancer Institute Website provides the following guidance on these types of treatments.

Alternative treatments are medical systems or practices that are not thought of as standard or traditional medical care. Some people use alternative treatments in place of traditional treatments. Some people also use complementary alternative mesothelioma treatments in addition to traditional treatments. For instance, some patients may use acupuncture to relieve the side effects of chemotherapy.

Mesothelioma alternative treatments and complementary therapies may

  • Help you cope with side effects of traditional treatments
  • Comfort you and help ease stress
  • Help you feel that you are doing something more for your treatment

Some people may even use these treatments in an attempt to treat or cure mesothelioma.

There are many different types of mesothelioma alternative treatments and complementary therapies, such as:

  • Mind-body techniques like meditation, hypnosis, and yoga
  • Nutritional practices like taking vitamins and herbs or following special diets
  • Body-based practices like massage and chiropractic care
  • Energy medicine like tai chi and therapeutic touch
  • Medical systems like Chinese medicine and homeopathy

The National Cancer Institute urges you to speak with your doctor before trying any alternative treatments.

New treatments

Although surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy have improved overall mesothelioma survival rates, there is still no cure for this deadly disease. Today, new mesothelioma treatment methods are being developed and studied in clinical trials. Below are a few of these newer treatments for mesothelioma.

Intracavitary Chemotherapy

Intracavitary chemotherapy is a new approach to mesothelioma chemotherapy in which medication is placed directly into body cavities. With this new treatment for mesothelioma, medication can be administered at much higher doses than traditional alternate chemotherapy. Intracavitary chemotherapy is also thought to allow chemotherapy medication to enter tumor cells directly, without the toxic side effects of traditional chemotherapy.

Drugs

Since chemotherapy agents have not proven to be very effective in treating advanced mesothelioma, doctors are currently testing new drugs. These new mesothelioma treatments include medications which kill cancers by depriving them of blood supply, such as bevacizumab (Avastin). Anti-growth factor drugs such as erlotinib (Tarceva) are also being studied. These inhibit the growth of mesothelioma cancer cells.

Another promising new mesothelioma treatment, Alimta(R), was approved by the FDA in 2004. When used in combination with the anti-cancer drug cisplatin, it has been shown to drastically improve symptoms for some mesothelioma patients. Clinical trials for the drug suggested that patients using Alimta(R) may live up to 30% longer. Mesothelioma doctors give this medication with vitamin B-12 and folic acid supplements which reduce the occurrence of negative of side effects.

Belonging to a group of agents called "angiogenesis inhibitors," Endostatin® is yet another new cancer treatment that is believed to reduce tumors by cutting off their blood supply. The first clinical study of Endostatin demonstrated its ability to stabilize tumors, with very few side effects exhibited by patients. The second phase of the study is currently underway. Endostatin® has been identified as being suitable for the treatment of malignant mesothelioma as well as other cancer types. 

Photodynamic Therapy

Also called PDT, photodynamic therapy involves the use of a photoactive drug and light from a laser. This new mesothelioma treatment works by isolating and destroying cancer cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. The effectiveness of PDT in mesothelioma patients has not yet been established, since studies have been limited. However, some promising results have been seen in some cancer centers, particularly for patients with Stage I and II malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Brachytherapy

In brachytherapy, radioactive substances are used to deliver radiation treatments to cancer patients. The patient is implanted with a customized device which contains radioactive "seeds". Mesothelioma doctors deliver radiation over a span of approximately three months. There is currently no extensive data to support the effectiveness of brachytherapy in treating malignant mesothelioma.

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy uses special viruses that have been modified in the laboratory. In this new mesothelioma treatment, the modified virus is injected into the pleural (chest) space and infects the mesothelioma cells. The virus then injects a gene into the tumor that enhances the effects of a mesothelioma-fighting drug.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy involves fighting mesothelioma through the body's own natural immune system. With immunotherapy, substances called biological response modifiers (BRMs) may be produced by the body or in a laboratory setting. BRMs are used to enhance or restore the body's natural ability to defend itself against the invading cancer. This new mesothelioma treatment is currently being evaluated in clinical trials.

Remember to consult your mesothelioma doctor for more information about these new mesothelioma and chemotherapy treatment options.

Multimodality Therapy

Multimodality therapy involves utilizing various combinations of chemotherapy, surgery, radiation and other traditional modalities in the treatment of mesothelioma and other cancers. Medical researchers and doctors are continually exploring multimodality therapies to improve outcomes for cancer patients. 

Mesothelioma treatment drugs

According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), several mesothelioma drugs have been used as chemotherapy treatments for this type of cancer. The ACS says that these drugs are often given in combinations, but may be given individually to patients who cannot tolerate taking more than one drug.

The ACS lists pemetrexed, also called Alimta, and cisplatin as the current preferred mesothelioma treatment combination of drugs. Studies showed this combination almost doubled patients' average survival time compared to those taking only cisplatin . This combination of mesothelioma drugs also produced fewer side effects compared to other treatments.

The ACS also states that the combination of cisplatin and gemcitabine has had a good response rate in mesothelioma patients. Other combinations of mesothelioma drugs treatments include:

  • Methotrexate and vincristine
  • Cisplatin, vinblastine, and mitomycin
  • Cisplatin and doxorubicin
  • Doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide (or ifosfamide), and cisplatin

Mesothelioma drugs have been known to cause nausea and vomiting, but doctors have found that the combination of cisplatin with carboplatin causes fewer of these side effects in treatment regimens.

The ACS notes that a new drug called raltitrexed combined with cisplatin has been shown to help patients with mesothelioma. Researchers are studying possible new mesothelioma drugs all the time to try to find new and more helpful mesothelioma treatments.

 

Mesothelioma surgery

There are two main types of mesothelioma surgery: curative and palliative. Curative surgery is used when the patient is in fairly good health and the tumor has not spread, or metastasized, beyond one isolated area. This type of surgery is not likely to cure, but may extend a patient's life.  Palliative surgery is used when the mesothelioma has spread and cannot be removed completely—or if the patient’s health is too poor to endure major surgery. It is performed primarily to relieve pain and discomfort.

Curative Mesothelioma Surgery

Potentially curative surgical procedures for pleural mesothelioma include:

  • Extrapleural pneumonectomy: A complex, difficult operation that removes the pleural lining from the chest wall, diaphragm, and pericardium, as well as the whole lung on the side of the tumor.  This type of surgery is most frequently used in patients with localized malignant mesothelioma of the epithelioid type.

  • Pleurectomy/decortication: This is a less extensive procedure which removes the pleura—the area containing most of the cancerous growth.  This type of mesothelioma surgery can help control the buildup of excess fluid, improve breathing, and reduce pain caused by the cancer.

Palliative Mesothelioma Surgery

While also used as a curative surgery for pleural mesothelioma, pleurectomy/decortication can help control the buildup of excess fluid, improve breathing, and reduce pain caused by the cancer.

Because the abdomen is such a complex space containing many fragile organs, surgery for peritoneal mesothelioma is more complicated. Most mesothelioma surgery performed in the abdominal space focuses on de-bulking, or decreasing the size of tumors. Although the tumors associated with peritoneal mesothelioma are often too extensive to remove entirely, surgical treatment can help relieve symptoms suffered by the patient. 

Side Effects of Mesothelioma Surgery

While mesothelioma offers varying degrees of success in treating mesothelioma, it can be accompanied by serious or life-threatening side-effects. Some potential side effects of surgery include:

  • Hemorrhage
  • Lung infection
  • Collection of infected fluid in the chest
  • Heart arrhythmia
  • Chest or abdominal pain
  • Digestive problems
  • Nerve damage

Mesothelioma surgery may also contaminate new areas with cancer cells, causing the cancer to grow in additional places in the body. If you or a loved one has had surgery as part of mesothelioma treatment, you may want to share your story with others in the Mesothelioma Discussion Board.

Mesothelioma chemotherapy

If you have been diagnosed with mesothelioma, chemotherapy may be suggested for either part or all of your treatment. Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs or medications to eliminate rapidly spreading cancer cells in the body.  Used since the 1950s to treat many different cancer types, this type of treatment differs from surgery and radiation in that it targets cancer cells in the entire body, rather than a specific area such as the lungs or colon.

Chemotherapy can be administered in pill form or it can be injected into a vein or muscle. In the case of mesothelioma, chemotherapy drugs may also be injected directly into the chest or abdomen. There are three main ways in which chemotherapy is used:

  • To control or cure cancer by reducing or eliminating cancerous growths
  • To relieve the uncomfortable physical symptoms of cancer by reducing or eliminating cancerous growths
  • To prevent recurrence of the cancer following surgery or radiation (called adjuvant or neo-adjuvant therapy)

Side Effects of Mesothelioma Chemotherapy

Although mesothelioma chemotherapy treatment can kill cancer cells, it may also damage some healthy, normal cells.  Chemotherapy can harm the blood-producing cells in the bone marrow and cause you to have low blood cell counts. This can lead to an increased risk of infection, bleeding or bruising, or fatigue and shortness of breath. Other temporary mesothelioma chemotherapy side effects may include:

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Loss of appetite
  • Loss of hair
  • Mouth sores

More than 100 different kinds of anticancer agents are used in chemotherapy today.  Doctors may use a combination of several different chemotherapy drugs in treating one mesothelioma patient.  You can read more about the drugs used to treat this type of cancer in the Mesothelioma Treatment Drugs section.

Mesothelioma treatment

There are many different mesothelioma treatment options available today. Standard therapies include mesothelioma surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.  In some cases, doctors may combine different mesothelioma treatments to improve patient outcomes; for example, using surgery in conjunction with chemotherapy or radiation. New treatment methods are also being researched and developed on an ongoing basis.

Because the various stages of malignant mesothelioma indicate how far the cancer has progressed, each stage may respond to different forms of treatment.  Below is a look at common peritoneal/pleural mesothelioma treatment options for each stage of the disease.

Stage I

Since the cancer in Stage I is confined to certain areas of the body and has not spread, it can often be removed using surgery or other means. Mesothelioma treatment options for Stage I patients include:

  • Pleurectomy and decortication: The surgical removal of part of or the entire surface of a diseased organ, such as tissue covering the lungs and pleural cavity. This may help relieve the pain associated with mesothelioma and improve the patient's quality of life.
  • Extrapleural pneumonectomy: Surgery in which the cancerous lung is removed, as well as portions of the pericardium, diaphragm and parietal pleura.
  • Radiation therapy: This mesothelioma treatment involves the use of high-energy radiation to help shrink tumors and destroy cancer cells, often used when a patient is too ill to undergo major surgery.
  • Clinical trials: The patient may benefit from treatment using a new anticancer drug or a combined treatment of chemotherapy, radiation and surgery.

Stages II and III

Mesothelioma treatment options during these stages typically focus on palliative care, which involves relieving the painful symptoms of the illness. A cure at Stages II and III is usually not likely. For patients with advanced malignant mesothelioma, treatment may include one or a combination of the following:

  • Surgery: To remove the tumor and/or to reduce the accumulation of fluid in the chest or abdomen.
  • Pleurodesis or paracentesis: Removal of accumulated fluid in the chest or abdominal cavity using a needle or catheter.
  • Pleurectomy and decortication: The removal of part of or the entire surface of a diseased organ, such as tissue covering the lungs and pleural cavity. This mesothelioma treatment may help relieve the pain associated with the disease and improve the patient's quality of life.
  • Chemotherapy: With an anticancer agent.
  • Clinical Trials: Combination therapy with chemotherapeutic agents or chemotherapy, radiation and surgery. A clinical trial may also involve placing chemotherapy directly into the chest or abdominal cavity to reduce fluid build-up and help shrink the tumor.

Stage IV

In this stage of mesothelioma, treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be used to help relieve symptoms.  In some cases, participation in a clinical trial will allow the patient to benefit from the latest mesothelioma treatment alternatives. In general, the goal of care in Stage IV malignant mesothelioma is to manage pain as effectively as possible. This can be done through various mesothelioma treatment drugs medical procedures or alternative methods for pain management.

Unfortunately, there are no known approaches to mesothelioma treatment that result in disappearance of the cancer. Most treatments are only palliative, meaning they provide relief, but do not cure the disease entirely.

Mesothelioma research

Mesothelioma research is ongoing in a desperate race to find a cure.  As scientists seek to understand the complex causes of mesothelioma, the medical world is researching newer, innovative treatments and more effective ways to diagnose this life-threatening disease.

What are the Goals of Mesothelioma Research?

Causes and Prevention:  How does asbestos cause changes in the DNA of cells? If researchers can determine this, they may be able to find ways to prevent mesothelioma. Scientists are also trying to understand the role played by SV40, a virus that has been associated with mesothelioma.

Mesothelioma research has also been effective in protecting the health of the community.  As researchers learn more about which asbestos fibers can produce illness, they yield knowledge that allows us to minimize or eliminate exposure to asbestos in residential homes, the workplace and public buildings.

Treatment:  A great deal of mesothelioma research is dedicated to finding promising new drug treatments. One new approach that is being explored are anti-angiogenesis drugs, which destroy cancer cells by stopping their blood supply. Anti-growth factor drugs are also being studied, which interfere with substances cancer cells produce to stimulate their own growth. Another area of mesothelioma research involves testing different combinations of traditional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other types of treatment for those diagnosed with mesothelioma.

Gene therapy is also being explored as a treatment for those with a mesothelioma diagnosis.  In gene therapy, researchers modify special viruses in the laboratory, and then inject this modified virus into the chest space where it infects mesothelioma cells. The virus introduces a gene into the mesothelioma that may help activate the immune system cells to attack the cancer.

To get more information about mesothelioma research being conducted through clinical trials, visit the Mesothelioma Clinical Trials page.

Mesothelioma stages

Staging is the process of finding out how far the mesothelioma cancer has spread. Doctors determine which treatments to use based on the mesothelioma stage, or the severity of the disease.

The primary staging system used for mesothelioma is a TNM system, similar to the system used for most other cancers. The mesothelioma stages are as follows: T stands for tumor (its size and how far it has spread to nearby organs), N stands for spread to lymph nodes, and M is for metastasis (whether it has spread to distant organs).

In mesothelioma staging, numbers are assigned to each stage to provide detailed information about tumors, lymph nodes, and metastasis.

T Mesothelioma Stages

  • T1: The cancer has only spread to the outer lining of either the right or the left lung.
  • T2: The cancer has spread to the outer lining of the lung, to the diaphragm, and or into the lung itself on either the right or the left side.
  • T3: The cancer has spread into the first layer of the chest wall, the fatty part of the mediastinum (heart, esophagus, trachea, and lymph nodes in the chest), a single place in the chest wall, or the outer covering of the heart.
  • T4: The cancer has spread into the chest wall-either muscle or ribs, through the diaphragm, into any organ of the mediastinum, into the spine, into both sides of the chest, through the heart lining or into the heart, or into the nerves leading into the arm.

N Mesothelioma Stages

  • N0: No spread to lymph nodes.
  • N1: Spread to lymph nodes only on the same side of the chest as the mesothelioma.
  • N2: Spread to lymph nodes where the windpipe branches into the bronchi, or to lymph nodes in the mediastinum on the same side of the chest as the mesothelioma.
  • N3: Spread to lymph nodes on either side of the collarbone or to lymph nodes on the opposite side of the chest from the mesothelioma.

M Mesothelioma Stages

  • M0: No spread to distant organs or areas.
  • M1: The cancer has spread distantly.

After all TNM categories and numbers have been assigned, doctors can assign an overall mesothelioma stage of I, II, III, or IV. Patients with lower stage numbers have a better prognosis, or life expectancy.

Diagnosed with mesothelioma

An estimated 2,000 to 3,000 people are diagnosed with mesothelioma each year in the United States. The fact that mesothelioma may take 25 to 40 years to develop after asbestos exposure can make diagnosis difficult.

Another challenge in diagnosing mesothelioma is the fact that many early mesothelioma symptoms can be quite similar to symptoms of other diseases and conditions.  People often attribute these symptoms to some common, minor illness and do not seek medical attention right away. For that reason, most individuals are not diagnosed with mesothelioma until the disease is in an advanced stage.

Common Methods of Mesothelioma Diagnosis                                   

Below are some of the methods medical professionals use to diagnose mesothelioma and other asbestos-related illnesses:

  • A complete medical history.  In addition to performing a thorough medical examination, your doctor may take a complete medical history to assess your risk factors, such as previous exposure to asbestos.

  • Imaging studies.  Your doctor may schedule chest x-rays, CT scans, and MRIs to detect if cancer is present in your body. If mesothelioma is found, these tests can help determine the size, location, and extent of the cancer.

  • Blood tests.  Your mesothelioma doctor may also conduct blood tests to look for a certain protein called osteopontin in your blood. Osteopontin is elevated in people who have mesothelioma.  

  • Fluid testing.  If fluid has built up in your chest or abdomen, the doctor may take a sample of the fluid and test it for the presence of cancer cells. If cancer cells are found, he or she will need to conduct further tests to determine whether the cancer is mesothelioma, lung cancer, or another type of cancer.

  • Biopsy.  In diagnosing mesothelioma, your doctor may also conduct a biopsy in which samples of tissue are taken from inside your chest or abdomen and checked for cancer growth.  Surgery may allow the doctor to take a larger sample of the tumor or the entire tumor.

If you’ve already been diagnosed with mesothelioma, your doctor may conduct tests to determine if the cancer has spread to other parts of your body. This process is called staging. Learn more about this on the Mesothelioma Stages page.

Worldwide exposure

The problems of asbestos and asbestos-related illnesses such as the risk of mesothelioma are not unique to the United States. Around the world, many countries have struggled with the dilemma of how to deal with asbestos related issues. Others, unfortunately, have chosen to ignore or deny the existence of the risk of mesothelioma.

The following examples tell a story of an international environmental disaster.

Australia

Australia has one of the highest per capita rates of mesothelioma in the world. Since 1945, about 7000 Australians have died from mesothelioma--a number which, according to one expert, will grow to 39,000 by 2020. James Hardie Industries, one of the worst offenders among asbestos manufacturers in Australia, only ceased production in 1987. This was in spite of a 1964 memo from the company's safety officer, which warned that asbestos was "one of the most dangerous of all industrial poisons."

Brazil

Brazil is the world's fourth largest producer of asbestos. The country exports 35% of its annual production (around 200,000 tons) to more than 25 countries around the globe.

Canada

While Canada's use of asbestos is low due to strict governmental regulations, the country remains the largest exporter of asbestos in the world. Canada exports 98% of its asbestos related production, mainly to Southeast Asia and South America.

East Timor

Following an occupation by Indonesia from the mid-1970s through the 1990s, East Timor was left with a new problem: deadly asbestos dust leftover from the destruction. In 2000, the World Bank funded a project to clean up the asbestos. However, workers who were hired at a rate of $3 per day received no warning of the asbestos related dangers, nor any protective clothing or equipment.

England

Until about 40 years ago, the town of Armley in Leeds was home to the asbestos manufacturer JW Roberts. Throughout the factory's operation, fatal asbestos dust escaped and spread over a large area of the surrounding community, into residential areas and schoolyards. Sadly, Armley's story is only one example of how asbestos affected many English communities. Today, about 1,800 new cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed each year in England. Experts predict that the annual death toll will rise to 2,000 by 2010.

India

Gujarat, a region of western India bordering on the Arabian sea, has been dubbed the "Asbestos Hot Spot" by the International Ban Asbestos Secretariat (IBAS). The area houses over 31,000 factories that routinely expose its workers to asbestos, including cement production, ship-breaking, chemicals and power generation factories.  It is estimated that asbestos-related diseases such as mesothelioma, lung cancer and asbestosis kill more people in India than any other work-related illness. However, despite the fact that more than 40 countries have banned the use of asbestos, India’s government continues to deny its dangers.

Russia

Russia was the world's largest producer of asbestos for 50 years. Until recently, the Russian government failed to keep records of death and disease attributable to asbestos, using the lack of documentation to deny that any problem existed. Even as late as 1999, although Russia continued to produce asbestos at the rate of 720,000 metric tons annually, no safety precautions were put in place.

South Africa

For over 100 years, South Africa was the third-largest exporter of asbestos worldwide.  Studies of asbestos cement industry workers in the 1990s showed that 30% had some form of asbestos-related disease. Today, asbestos mining has ceased in South Africa and a small number of high-profile lawsuits have provided financial compensation for those affected by asbestos exposure. However, the widespread use of asbestos-containing products and the degree of environmental contamination is expected to continue to impact the well-being of South Africans for years to come. 

Sweden

After World War II, Sweden imported large quantities of asbestos for use in construction and ship building. While the use of asbestos was virtually prohibited in 1976, about 100 cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed every year in Sweden. This trend shows no sign of slowing, and the mesothelioma risk is high.

As alarming as these examples are, they only begin to convey the true extent of the international asbestos problem. Many more countries in Europe, Asia, and South America have equally tragic tales to tell regarding the manufacture and use of asbestos and the risk of mesothelioma.

Mesothelioma risk factors

There are several factors that have been found to increase a person's risk of developing mesothelioma.

Asbestos

Exposure to asbestos, a naturally-occurring mineral fiber, accounts for at least 70 to 80% of all mesothelioma cases. As many as 8 million Americans may already have been exposed to asbestos through swallowing or inhaling it. Those most vulnerable to mesothelioma are people exposed to high levels of asbestos, those exposed to asbestos at a very young age, or individuals who are exposed to the fibers for an extended period of time. Second-hand asbestos exposure has also been found to be a mesothelioma risk factor. For example, a person that works with asbestos can carry the fibers home on their clothing, where a family member unknowingly comes into contact with it.

However, not everyone who has had exposure with asbestos will develop mesothelioma. In fact, only about 5% of those exposed to high levels of asbestos will contract the disease, while others with only brief exposure will become seriously ill. This suggests that some individuals may have a pre-existing condition that increases their risk of developing mesothelioma or were born with a predisposition to the disease.

Radiation  Thorotrast (thorium dioxide), a radioactive substance used in x-rays from the 1920s to the 1950s, was found to cause cancer. Some research establishes a link between Thorotrast and malignant mesothelioma. Fortunately, it is no longer being used today and is no longer considered a mesothelioma risk factor.

Genetics

Some studies suggest that family history may play a role in whether or not a person develops mesothelioma. However, there is no conclusive evidence yet to support this theory.

Zeolite

Zeolite is a naturally occurring mineral that is found in the soil, with properties similar to asbestos. It has been linked to cases of mesothelioma in Turkey, where zeolite is used in the construction of houses.

Smoking

Smoking tobacco itself does not cause malignant mesothelioma and thus, is not a mesothelioma risk factor. However, people who smoke and are exposed to asbestos appear to have a greatly increased risk of developing mesothelioma in the lungs and air passageways (pleural mesothelioma) as a result of smoking.

Mesothelioma symptoms

It’s a disheartening fact: mesothelioma symptoms may not appear until 30 to 50 years after a person’s initial asbestos exposure.  In its early stages, mesothelioma may have few symptoms and signs or none at all.  Often, victims of mesothelioma let their symptoms go unchecked for many months, believing they are just due to common ailments. This is why mesothelioma is often far advanced by the time it is diagnosed by a health professional.

Symptoms of Pleural Mesothelioma

The underlying cause of pleural mesothelioma symptoms is fluid in the chest cavity. As the fluid fills up the chest, it places pressure on the lungs, causing intense pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue.  It is usually around this time that people seek medical help for their symptoms. Pleural mesothelioma symptoms include one or a combination of the following:

  • Symptom
  • Fluid in the chest cavity (pleural effusion)
  • Chest pain
  • Shortness of breath
  • Fever
  • Weight loss
  • Cough                  
  • Coughing up or spitting up blood
  • Hoarseness
  • Difficulty swallowing

 Symptoms of Peritoneal Mesothelioma

With peritoneal mesothelioma, fluid fills up the abdomen, placing considerable pressure on vital organs. Peritoneal mesothelioma symptoms include one or a combination of the following:

  • Increased abdominal girth
  • Fluid in the abdomen (ascites)
  • Abdominal pain
  • Elevated white blood count
  • Weight loss
  • Abdominal mass
  • Digestive disturbances
  • Fever

Both peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma symptoms can be extremely painful for the victim.  They may have trouble sleeping comfortably and often lose their appetite.  Although the symptoms associated with mesothelioma cannot always be eliminated, there are many options for reducing discomfort.  Pain management during all stages of mesothelioma is an important factor in the patient’s quality of life.

Are You Experiencing Mesothelioma Symptoms?

If you’re experiencing any of the symptoms related to mesothelioma and you have a history of exposure to asbestos, be sure to talk to your doctor.  Frequent check-ups and asbestos disease testing are vital tools for staying one step ahead of asbestos-related health problems.

Mesothelioma types

Each type of mesothelioma occurs in a different area of the body. Pleural mesothelioma cancer occurs in the chest cavity. When mesothelioma occurs in the abdomen, it is called peritoneal mesothelioma. Lastly, Pericardial mesothelioma affects the cells in the lining of the heart. While treatments are generally the same for all mesothelioma types, they may vary depending on the location of the cancer.

There are three main types of mesothelioma cancer:

  • Epithelioid
  • Sarcomatoid
  • Mixed/biphasic

Epithelioid mesothelioma occurs in 50 to 70 percent of all cases—the highest rate of occurrence. Mixed/biphasic mesothelioma types occur in 20 to 30 percent of all cases; these are a mix of epithelioid and sarcomatoid cancers. Sarcomatoid mesothelioma occurs in only 7 to 20 percent of all cases and is believed to be the most aggressive type of mesothelioma.

Pleural Mesothelioma

Pleural mesothelioma is the most common type of mesothelioma, accounting for 75 percent of all cases. This disease develops when people breathe in asbestos fibers. The fibers travel to the ends of small air passages in the lungs and damage the pleura by causing inflammation and scarring. The pleura is the layer of tissue that lines the chest cavity and helps to protect organs.

With pleural mesothelioma, the tumor typically appears in only one lung; often the right one. Cells become abnormal and grow out of control. Over time, pleural mesothelioma can break through the pleura and spread into chest wall or into the abdomen.

As the cancer grows and spreads, fluid fills the chest and puts pressure on vital organs. Patients with pleural mesothelioma often report symptoms such as pain in the lower back or chest, shortness of breath, coughing, and other symptoms.

Treatment for pleural mesothelioma may include surgery, which may be used to remove the cancerous growth or simply relieve the patient’s pain and discomfort. Doctors may also try radiation and chemotherapy applied directly to the chest cavity.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma

Peritoneal mesothelioma accounts for only 10 to 20 percent of all mesothelioma cases, with tumors typically growing in the abdomen. Peritoneal mesothelioma develops when people cough up and then swallow asbestos fibers, thereby causing damage to the peritoneum. The peritoneum is the layer of tissue that lines the abdomen to protect organs.

Similar to pleural mesothelioma, asbestos fibers damage the peritoneum by causing inflammation and scarring. Cells begin to grow abnormally and metastasize, or spread. Over time, peritoneal mesothelioma may break through the abdominal wall and invade organs like the lungs, heart, stomach, and liver. Peritoneal mesothelioma can even attach itself to blood vessels, the esophagus, or intestines, making it hard or even impossible to remove the cancer surgically.

As the cancer grows and spreads, fluid fills the abdomen and puts pressure on major organs. Patients with peritoneal mesothelioma often report symptoms such as abdominal pain, weight loss, and digestive disturbances.

Treatment for peritoneal mesothelioma may include inserting a needle into the abdomen to drain fluid; this helps to relieve some of the pressure on internal organs and alleviate the patient’s discomfort.  Surgery may also help relieve symptoms or be used to remove the tumor from the abdominal wall.  In addition, doctors may apply chemotherapy treatments or radiation treatments directly to the abdomen in an attempt to destroy the cancerous cells.

Pericardial Mesothelioma

Pericardial mesothelioma affects the cells in the lining of the heart, also known as the pericardium.  It is quite rare, accounting for less than 1% of all documented cases.  Pericardial mesothelioma affects twice as many males as females and is most likely to impact those between the ages of 40 and 70.

The symptoms of pericardial mesothelioma include chest pain, fluid buildup around the heart, abnormal breathing, chronic coughing, and irregular heartbeat.  Currently, the primary treatment for this type of mesothelioma is surgical removal of the pericardium.  Though not typically curative, this treatment can help lessen the symptoms resulting from constriction around the heart.

Mesothelioma causes

The main risk factor for pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma cancer is asbestos exposure. In fact, almost all cases of mesothelioma cancer can be linked to asbestos exposure.

How Does Asbestos Cause Mesothelioma?

When people inhale asbestos fibers, they stick to the mucus that lines air passages such as the nose and throat. If these fibers are not coughed up, they can travel to the ends of the small airways and penetrate into the lung and chest wall. The asbestos may then directly injure the cells of the chest wall and eventually cause mesothelioma cancer. This is called pleural mesothelioma.

People may also cough up and swallow asbestos fibers, which can cause mesothelioma cancer in the abdomen. This form of the disease is called peritoneal mesothelioma.

Researchers are still studying exactly how asbestos causes cells to develop into mesothelioma cancer. One theory is that asbestos fibers may damage a person's DNA, causing cells to grow uncontrollably.

What Factors Affect the Development of Mesothelioma?

The amount of asbestos a person has been exposed to and the length of time they were exposed affects their risk of developing mesothelioma. People most likely to develop mesothelioma cancer have been:

  • exposed to asbestos at a young age
  • exposed to asbestos for a long period of time
  • exposed to high levels of asbestos

Unfortunately, the risk of developing pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma cancer does not decrease with time after exposure to asbestos.

If you have any of these risk factors for developing mesothelioma cancer, you may wish to visit the How Can I Get Tested? section of our website.  There you will find more information on the various medical tests available for detecting the presence of asbestos-related illnesses.

Mesothelioma medical glossary

Below is a list of mesothelioma-related terms. This mesothelioma glossary provides simple information and definitions of expressions and vocabulary used by physicians and specialists at various mesothelioma treatment centers.

A B C E G H I L M N O P R S T

Adenocarcinoma

A malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue.

Adjuvant therapy

Cancer treatment administered after primary treatment to improve a patient's prognosis. May include chemotherapy, hormone therapy, biological therapy, or radiation therapy.

Alternative medicine

Practices which replace standard therapies in treating illnesses or health conditions. Includes acupuncture, herbal preparations, massage, spiritual healing, meditation, and dietary supplements.

Anemia

A condition in which the number of red blood cells and/or hemoglobin in the blood is less than normal, causing a decrease in oxygen.

Asbestos

Term used to describe a group of commercially available mineral fibers including anthophyllite, chrysotile, actinolite, amosite, crocidolite, and tremolite. Asbestos exposure is known for its ability to cause serious illness when inhaled, such as mesothelioma and lung cancer.

Asbestosis

A serious health condition caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers, characterized by scarring of the lungs.

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Benign

The term used to describe a mild, non-cancerous tumor or growth. A benign tumor may grow, but it will not invade surrounding tissue or spread to other areas of the body.

Biological therapy

Treatment intended to enhance the ability of the body's natural immune system to fight cancer and other diseases. Also used to reduce side effects during some cancer treatments. Alternative names: immunotherapy, biotherapy

Biopsy

The removal of cells, fluid, or tissue samples to be examined by a pathologist in the diagnosis of different cancers.

Brachytherapy

A form of mesothelioma radiation treatment which involves placing a customized radioactive implant directly into the chest or the abdomen at the site of the tumor.  This implant delivers highly targeted radiation to the cancerous area over a period of 12 weeks.  Also called Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT).

Breakthrough pain

Acute periods of pain that come on rapidly despite the use of pain medication. May occur spontaneously or during a specific physical activity.

Bronchoscopic biopsy

A technique used to obtain tissue samples for cancer testing. A long, flexible fiber-optic tube called a "bronchoscope" is passed down the throat, allowing the doctor to examine the patient's main airways for tumors.

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Cancer

The abnormal, uncontrolled growth of otherwise healthy cells which can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.

Carcinogen

Any substance that has been found to cause cancer, such as asbestos.

Computed Tomography (CT) scan

A medical procedure that examines cross-section views of x-ray images and/or three-dimensional images of the body's internal structures. Used to identify abnormal structures in the body or guide the placement of instruments or treatments during a procedure.

Cell

The basic structural unit that makes up all living things. A cell is composed of chemicals and water and surrounded by a thin membrane.

Chemotherapy

Medical treatment using potent pharmalogical agents that destroy cancer cells.

Chronic pain

Mild to severe pain that continues and/or progresses over an extended period of time.

Clinical trials

Research studies conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of medications or medical devices by studying their effects on large groups of people, usually volunteers.

Combination chemotherapy

A cancer treatment approach that uses more than one drug.

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Epithelium

The external layer of cells that covers all surfaces of the body such as the skin and mucous membranes exposed to the outside of the body.

External beam radiation therapy (EBRT)

A painless method of mesothelioma treatment that involves delivering radiation to a patient from a machine outside of the body.  This is the most common form of radiation treatment for mesothelioma.

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Gene therapy

Form of experimental cancer treatment that involves altering a gene.

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Hospice

A program that provides specialized, end-of-life care for individuals who are terminally ill. May take place at home, at a hospital or at a designated hospice facility.

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Immunotherapy

An alternative form of cancer therapy designed to strengthen the body’s natural ability to fight disease.

Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)

A three-dimensional form of radiation therapy that uses computerized images to match the delivery of radiation to a tumor's exact measurements.

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Laparoscopy

A form of surgery in which a thin, tube-like instrument called a laparoscope is inserted into the abdominal wall through a small incision. Allows structures and organs within the abdomen to be viewed and/or removed and examined for signs of disease.

Latency period

The time that elapses between the exposure to a carcinogenic substance, such as asbestos, and the development of a related illness, such as malignant mesothelioma.

Lymph node

A mass of tissue surrounded by connective tissue, located along lymphatic vessels. Lymph nodes filter lymphatic fluid (lymph) and store white blood cells (lymphocytes).

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Malignant

Cancerous.

Mediastinoscopy

A biopsy method used in cancer testing. While a patient is under general anesthesia, a hollow, lighted tube is inserted behind the breastbone. Special instruments are used to take tissue samples from lymph nodes.

Mesothelioma

A tumor affecting the lining of the chest cavity or abdomen. Can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Malignant mesothelioma is known to be caused by exposure to asbestos and the subsequent inhalation of asbestos fibers.

Metastasis

Term used to describe the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A medical procedure in which high-frequency radio waves are used to create detailed images of internal body structures. Used to detect diseased or abnormal tissue or organs.

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Needle biopsy

A biopsy method in which a long, hollow needle is inserted through the skin and into the pleura (lining of the lungs) to remove a small sample of the tumor for testing.

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Opioids

A category of narcotic pain relievers that includes morphine, codeine, Duragesic, and Dilaudid, often prescribed to treat the pain associated with mesothelioma.

Oncology

A discipline focused on studying, diagnosing, and treating all types of cancer, such as mesothelioma.

Oncologist

A physician specially trained in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

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Pathologist

A medical specialist who diagnoses diseases by studying human cells and tissues under a microscope.

Palliative care

Health care intended to relieve discomfort and improve quality of life rather than provide a cure. It often becomes the focus of treatment when a disease is incurable or a patient does not want to pursue a cure.

Pericardial mesothelioma

Pericardial mesothelioma affects the cells in the lining of the heart, also known as the pericardium.

Peritoneum

The membrane that makes up the lining of the abdominal cavity and covers the organs located within the abdomen.

Peritoneal mesothelioma

A form of mesothelioma that affects the peritoneum.

Photodynamic therapy

An alternative form of cancer treatment that involves injecting a photosensitizing agent directly into the tumor.  The tumor is then exposed to a special laser designed to destroy the sensitized cells and eliminate the cancerous growth.

Prognosis

The expected course of a disease; the chance of recovery or survival.

Pleura

The thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and forms the lining of the interior wall of the chest cavity.

Pleural cavity

The space enclosed by the pleura.

Pleural mesothelioma

A form of mesothelioma that affects the pleura.

Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

A method used to test for the presence of cancer.  In a PET scan, the patient is injected with glucose (a form of sugar) containing a radioactive atom.  A special camera is then used to tell the doctor where radioactivity is present in the body, indicating areas that may contain cancerous growth. 

Prognosis

Term used to describe the expected outcome of an illness or a patient's chance for recovery.

Pulmonary function test (PFT)

A special test that assesses how well a patient’s lungs are functioning.  Often used following a mesothelioma diagnosis to determine if surgery is a safe option. 

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Radiation therapy

A cancer treatment involving high-energy radiation from x-rays and other sources which help shrink tumors and destroy cancer cells. Radiation may be delivered by an external machine or by way of radioactive materials placed inside the body.

Recurrence

The return of cancer to the same site as the original tumor following the disappearance or removal of the tumor. Also describes the return of cancer to another location in the body.

Remission

A reduction or disappearance of the physical symptoms of cancer, despite the fact that the cancer may still exist in the body. Remission may be partial or complete.

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Stage

Term used to identify the progression of cancer in the body. Staging takes into account whether or not the cancer has spread (metastasis) as well as the size of the tumor.

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Thoracoscopy

A biopsy method used in cancer testing. A thin, lighted tube with a small video camera on the end is inserted through a small incision in the chest wall, and pieces of tissue are removed for study.

Toxicity

The extent to which a natural or man-made substance can cause physical harm to people or animals.

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What is mesothelioma

This section of the website provides a detailed overview of mesothelioma, a rare form of cancer linked to asbestos exposure. The information found in these pages has been gathered from leading mesothelioma authorities such as the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute. You’ll learn about:

  • Types of Mesothelioma:  When mesothelioma is present in the chest cavity, it is called pleural mesothelioma. Another type of mesothelioma is called peritoneal mesothelioma, which occurs in the abdomen. Paricardial mesothelioma affects the cells in the lining of the heart.  Learn more >

  • Mesothelioma Symptoms:  Symptoms of mesothelioma typically do not appear until many years after asbestos exposure. The nature of the symptoms are generally dictated by where in the body the cancer is located.  Learn more >

  • Causes of Mesothelioma:  The American Cancer Society lists exposure to asbestos as the main risk factor for developing mesothelioma. Asbestos exposure at work is reported in70 to 80 percent of all mesothelioma cases. Learn more >

  • Mesothelioma Treatments:  Treatments for mesothelioma vary and depend on the location of the cancer, how advanced the cancer is, and the patient's overall health and age. Typical treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Learn more >

Basic Mesothelioma Facts and Figures

When viewed collectively, the facts about mesothelioma are startling. Consider the following truths about this devastating illness:

  • An estimated 2,000 to 3,000 new cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed each year in the U.S.
  • Approximately three-quarters of these cases are pleural mesothelioma, which occurs in the chest.
  • Most people who get mesothelioma have worked in jobs where they breathed in asbestos fibers at some point in their lives.
  • Mesothelioma can take 25 to 40 years to develop after the initial asbestos exposure.
  • Mesothelioma affects men 3 to 5 times more often than women.
  • Three-fourths of people with mesothelioma are over age 65.
  • The disease only metastasizes, or spreads outside the initial cancer area, in 5% of cases.
  • The average survival time after a person has been diagnosed with mesothelioma is one year.
  • The Environmental Workers Group (EWG) estimates that between 1979 and 2001, at least 43,000 Americans died from mesothelioma and an often-fatal non-cancer disease of the lungs called asbestosis.
  • The truth about asbestos exposure has been known and mostly hidden from the American public since the early 20th Century.
  • Up to 8 million Americans may have been exposed to asbestos.
  • The use of asbestos has still not been banned in the United States.